Transcript Chapter 24 Part I Taming the City

Chapter 24 Part I
Taming the City
Industry and the Growth of Cities
• The challenge of
urban growth was felt
first and most acutely
in Britain.
• In the 1820s and 30s
people in France and
Britain began to worry
about the condition of
their cities.
Industry and the Growth of Cities
• Rapid urbanization
without any public
transportation
worsened already
poor living conditions
in cities in the
nineteenth century.
• Government was slow
to improve sanitation
and building codes.
Public Health and the Bacterial
Revolution
• Advances in public
health, urban planning,
and urban transport
ameliorated these
conditions by 1900.
• Jeremy Bentham
“Benthamites” believed in
utilitarianism-doing the
greatest good for the
greatest number of
people.
Public Health and the Bacterial
Revolution
• Edwin Chadwick in
England advocated
improved sewage
systems. He believed
disease was directly
related to unsanitary
conditions.
• At the time, most people
believed in the miasmatic
theory, getting a disease
by breathing in filth, not
that the filth is causing
the disease.
Public Health and the Bacterial
Revolution
• Louis Pasteur in
France discovered
that bacteria caused
disease (1860s) or
germ theory.
Public Health and the Bacterial
Revolution
• English Surgeon
Joseph Lister comes
up with antiseptic
principal
Urban Planning and Public
Transportation
• In Paris (under
Napoleon III) and
other European cities
urban planners
demolished buildings
and medieval walls to
create wide
boulevards and public
parks.
Urban Planning and Public
Transportation
• Mass public transport,
including electric
streetcars, enabled
city dwellers to live
further from the city
center, relieving
overcrowding.