Transcript World War II - MsMatthews

World War II
World War II

Women’s Auxillary Army Corps (WAACs)
women in the army

Women’s Air Force Service Pilots (WASPs)
women in the air force

WAVES
women in the navy
World War II
 The
entire economy
needed to be focused
on the war effort.
 Automobiles
 More
→ Tanks
women began
working in the
factories.
World War II
 Office
of Price Administration (OPA)
fought inflation by setting a maximum
price for most goods.
 War
Productions Board (WPB) - chose
companies to produce wartime products.
World War II
 Rationing
- fixed
amount of goods
needed for the
military.
 Families
received
coupons to buy
meat, shoes,
coffee, gas, etc.
World War II

About 120,000 Japanese Americans lived in
the U.S. (West Coast).

Nisei – Japanese born in the U.S.

Americans feared attack, invasion, or
sabotage.
PREJUDICE
World War II
 Executive
9066
 FDR
Order
ordered the
removal of
Japanese
Americans from the
West Coast
World War II

Japanese Americans were forced to relocate
to work/prison camps.
World War II

Korematsu vs. United States (1944) - Supreme
Court ruled the Japanese internment camps as a
“military necessity.”
TIME OF CRISIS!!!
“We can never fully right the wrongs of the past. But we
can take a clear stand for justice and recognize that
serious injustices were done to the Japanese Americans
during WWII.”
- President George Bush in 1990
War in
Europe
World War II
 Allies
– Great Britain, Soviet Union, and
the U.S.
 Axis
– Germany, Italy, and Japan
“Germany first”
World War II

Battle of the Atlantic . . .

Hitler ordered German u-boats to sink American
ships.

Allies used sonar to detect submarines.

ENIGMA . . .
Allies destroyed u-boats faster than Germany
could build them!!!
World War II

In 1942 . . . Battle of Stalingrad (Soviet Union)

Stalin ordered his troops to defend no matter what
(1.1 million lives)!!!

Napoleon . . .
TURNING POINT (EASTERN FRONT)

Soviets now attacked Germany!!!
World War II

Stalin begged Allies to open a “second front”
in Western Europe.

Not ready yet!!!

Operation Torch – Allies invaded North
Africa.
**Need to light a torch under Europe!!!**
World War II
 Erwin
Rommel
(Desert Fox)
surrendered to
Allies in May 1943.
 Allied
troops now
marched to Italy.
World War II

Tuskegee Airmen - African-American pilots
who fought successfully in Italy.
World War II
“Big
Three”

Tehran Conference – Churchill, Stalin, and
Roosevelt met in 1943 to discuss a two-front
war against Germany.
World War II

READY . . .

D-Day (Operation Overlord) – June 6,
1944 - Allied invasion at Normandy, France

Nearly 3 million Allied troops
TURNING POINT
World War II
 Dwight
D.
Eisenhower
commanded all
Allied troops in
France.
World War II

George C. Patton
commanded the U.S.
Third Army against the
Germans.

“Blood ‘n Guts”
“Lafayette, we are
here again”
World War II

Battle of the Bulge . . .

Hitler lost soldiers and weapons that couldn’t
be replaced.

Hitler’s last offensive attack . . .
World War II

Soviet troops invaded Berlin, Germany.

Hitler was dead.

One week later, Eisenhower accepted
Germany’s surrender.

V-E Day – May 8, 1945
World War II

Liberated Nazi concentration camps . . .
HORROR

Nuremberg Trials – Nazi leaders put on
trial for crimes against humanity and war
crimes.
“I was only following orders.”
War in the
Pacific
World War II

“Germany first”

Japan continued to attack islands in the
Pacific.

General Douglas MacArthur – commander
of Allied forces in the Philippines.

1942 - “I shall return”
World War II

1942 . . .
Doolittle’s Raid

U.S. bombed Tokyo
and other Japanese
cities.

Boosted American
morale!!!
World War II

1942 . . . Battle of Midway

U.S. destroyed 4 Japanese aircraft carriers, a
cruiser, and 250 planes.
TURNING POINT (Pacific)

Island hopping – Allies began winning
territory back from Japan island by island.
World War II

1945 . . . Battle of Iwo Jima

Launching point . . .

Heavily defended by the Japanese

6,000 U.S. marines died
World War II

1945 . . . Battle for Okinawa

Fierce fighting in the water and on land.

7,600 Americans died but 110,000 Japanese
died.
Should the U.S.
invade Japan and risk
losing more American
lives?
World War II

President Harry Truman . . .

Manhattan Project – top-secret project to
build an atomic bomb.

Albert Einstein . . .
“I am become death, the shatterer of worlds.”
- J. Robert Oppenheimer
World War II

U.S. warned Japan of “prompt and utter
destruction.”

August 6, 1945 – U.S. dropped the first atomic
bomb on Hiroshima

70,000 killed on impact

Japanese leaders refused to surrender.
World War II

Days later . . . U.S.
dropped the second
atomic bomb on
Nagasaki

39,000 killed on impact

September 2, 1945
V-J Day