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Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes -A single celled-organism lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Prokaryotes Examples -Bacteria -Archea Bacteria Prokaryotes -Prokaryotes are smaller than eukaryotes. Eukaryotes -Have a nucleus -Cells that contain membrane-bound organelles. (Ribosome, Mitochondria) Eukaryotes All multicellular organisms -Fungi -Plants -Animals Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes Both have a cell membrane! Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes Both have ribosomes! Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes Both have DNA! Prokaryote or Eukaryote? Protozoa were defined as unicellular protists with animal-like behaviour, such as movement. Protozoa were regarded as the partner group of protists which have plant-like behavior, e.g. photosynthesis. Reproduce asexually and have a cell membrane, nucleus, and chloroplasts. Eukaryote Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Eukaryote Eukaryote Circular, Irregular Rectangular, Rigid Cell Wall No Cell Wall Has Cell Wall Vacuoles Few, Small Vacuoles One Large Vacuole No Chloroplasts Has Chloroplasts Has MBO Has MBO Sometimes has Cilia No Cilia (Almost Never) Euk/Pro Shape Chloroplasts Membrane-Bound Organelles Cilia Cilia & Flagella Used for movement of cells! Flagella: Move in whip-like fashion Cilia: Beat in rhythmic waves Mitochondria Releases energy from food. • Main energy source in the cell It’s like a city’s Power Plant! Here Here Vacuoles Store food, water and waste -Plant cells: Few and very large -Animal cells: Many little ones It’s like a city’s warehouse, water tower and garbage dump! Here Nucleus • Controls cell activities • Contains genetic information (DNA) -chromosomes -nucleolus It’s like a city’s Mayor’s Office! Here Here Chloroplast Uses light energy to make food (photosynthesis) • Only in plants It’s like the solar panels on a city’s buildings! Here Here Cell Membrane Outer layer that controls what goes in and out of plant & animal cells • Semipermeable It’s like the gates of a city! Here Smooth ER • Produces lipids, steroids, & hormones • Detoxifies toxins • Distributes products City’s Sewage Treatment Facility Here Rough ER • Synthesize and transports proteins (usually to golgi apparatus) • Covered with ribosomes It’s like a city’s highway system! Here Here Here Cytoskeleton & centrioles • Cytoskeleton providse structural support and helps cell keep its shape • Centrioles function in cell division It’s like the concrete & steel of a city! Ribosomes Produces proteins. • Attached to Endoplasmic Reticulum or floating free in the cytoplasm It’s like the brick yard that supplies a city with what it’s made of Here Here Golgi Apparatus Processes, packages, and transports molecules, like lipids and proteins, made by the cell (Rough ER). It’s like a city’s Post Office or UPS center! Here Here Here Lysosomes Lysosome Contains enzymes that digest materials (food, old cells) in the cell It’s like a city’s Recycling Center! Here Here Cell Wall • Made of cellulose • Provides support and protection for the cell It’s like the wall around a city! Here Cytoplasm Found in both plant and animal cells. •Viscous fluid containing the cell’s organelles (cytosol) It’s like the ground/ sidewalks throughout a city! Here Here Vesicles -Control transport of materials within the cytoplasm. It’s like a city’s mailboxes! Here Here Here Here Review this information using the interactive simulation below! http://www.wiley.com/legac y/college/boyer/047000379 0/animations/cell_structure/ cell_structure.htm