Transcript September 8 AMERICAN

Who’s Who of WWII???
September 8, 2014
• WWI: “War to End All Wars”
– Left bitterness, anger, & revenge
• WWI + Great Depression =
– Totalitarian Dictatorships in Germany, Italy, Japan, & USSR
Totalitarian State
• Gov’t in which one party/ leader holds TOTAL control
• Strong, charismatic leader head of gov’t
• Police, spies, & terror to enforce
• Gov’t controls media/ propaganda
• Use schools to spread ideology to children
• Censor intellectuals/ rivals
Types of Totalitarian Governments***
• Communist – Gov’t control everything (no private property)
– Classless society (no rich/ no poor) – SOCIALISM
• Fascist – Glorify country (private property allowed)
• Nazi – Just like Fascism (but RACE issue)
• Military Dictatorships – GROUP of military leaders make decisions
Germany Following the Great War/
Rise of Hitler
September 10, 2015
Adolf Hitler Bio
• Born in Austria
• Dropped out of high school at age 16
• Rejected TWICE from Academy of Art
school/ Lived on streets
• Painted post cards
• GREAT speaker
– Speeches against Jews in male homeless
shelters
• Moved to Munich right before WWI
– Joined German Army
– Won Iron Cross
After WWI…
Germany a democracy, BUT…
•
Economic troubles
•
HIGH inflation ($$$)
•
Then…Great Depression
Anti-Democratic Parties
•
National Socialist German Workers Party (NAZI)
– Not socialist (socialism: no private property)
1. All about promoting GERMANY
• Nothing more important than the country
2. Supreme Race - Aryan
• Leader of the NAZI Party - Adolf Hitler (1921)
• 1918: WWI ends
– Hitler bitter/ angry
• 1919: German Worker’s Party formed
• 1920: Renamed NAZI party
• 1921: Head of NAZI Party
• 1923: Rebellion to overthrow gov’t
– Arrested
• Writes Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
– Blueprint of his hatreds & plans for
world domination/ ANTI-SEMITIC
• How does Hitler increase Nazi membership?
– Offer free meals to hear speak
1. Unemployment
2. Homelessness
3. Hunger
RISE IN NAZI PARTY/ GIVE GERMANS
HOPE
• 1927: Hitler released from prison/ Nazi membership down
• Hitler realizes – NO REVOLUTION (need to work way up)
German Gov’t
1. Reichstag (elected officials – like our CONGRESS)
2. President (elected by the PEOPLE)
3. Chancellor (elected by the REICHSTAG)
Hitler’s GOAL: Get Nazi majority in Reichstag, so ____________.
• 1929: U.S. Depression GOES GLOBAL
• Germany slow on war payments
– France takes RHINELAND (industrial sector in Western Germany)
• Hitler doing NUMEROUS Nazi meetings (6 per night)
– Depression HELPS gain members
• SA (Storm Troopers) – Hitler’s private military
– Protect Hitler at rallies
• SS (Hitler’s Elite guards)
– At least 5’10”
– Series of tests to prove Aryanism (family tree to 1726)
– Agree to obey Hitler blindly (no remorse/ sympathy)
• 1932: Hitler gains German citizenship
• January 30, 1933: NAZI Party VERY powerful
– President makes Hitler Chancellor of Germany
• February 27, 1933: German Reichstag building burns to ground
– President declares STATE of EMERGENCY
– Article 48: Reichstag gives Hitler FULL legislative power
– Hitler can introduce ANY law (without Reichstag)
• August 1934: German President dies
• 1935: Hitler makes self Chancellor & President of Germany
– Combines office and calls self “Fuhrer” (leader)
– Rules WITHOUT Reichstag
• Hitler promises Germans that Germany will be GREAT AGAIN
• Hitler IMMEDIATELY:
– Rearms & expands Germany
• Against League of Nations
– Rebuilds Infrastructure (Roads/ Highways/ etc.)
– ENDS DEPRESSION
• Germans LOVE Hitler
– Jobs, $$$, cars
• Brainwashed/ propaganda
• Control press/ Hitler Youth
• Terrify into Silence/ Secret Police
Russia v. USSR
• Russia: largest country in world
• 1917: Russia exits WWI early/ Revolution
– Turns communist
• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics – U.S.S.R. (1919 – 1989)
• Vladimir Lenin (leader)
– Civil Wars
– Starvation/ Famine (millions die)
• 1924: Lenin dies
– Joseph Stalin takes over
• Gov’t controlled ECONOMY
1. Redistribute land (Equal share for EVERYONE/ Gov’t control)
2. High production goals for farms AND
factories
• Resistance = labor camps
• Great Terror: Millions of Soviets died
by resisting or not producing enough
• BAD…but Economy fixed
• TIME “Man of the Year” TWICE