Transcript 14:5 - Eastern Upper Peninsula ISD

14:5
• The Third Reich Collapses
– Battle of the Bulge (Dec 1944)
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Hitler’s last offensive
Cut-off Allied supplies coming through Belgium
U.S. forces defeat German forces
Germany has little resources left to continue war
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• The War Ends in Europe
– Russian forces drive Germans out of Russia
• Eventually 35 miles from Berlin
– Russia attacks Germany from east, Americans
from west
– Russian troops enter Berlin
– Hitler commits suicide
– “V-E Day” (Victory in Europe)
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• April, 1945, President Roosevelt dies in office
• 33rd President: Harry S. Truman
– Roosevelt’s vice-president
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• Japan is Defeated
– Battle of Iwo Jima (Feb 1945)
– 60,000 U.S. Marines
• 6,800 killed
– New technique: napalm
• Jellied gasoline in bombs
• Start fires on explosion
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• Invasion of Okinawa
– U.S. wanted the island as a base for the invasion
of Japan
– 12,000 Americans die
– U.S. takes island June 22, 1945
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• The Manhattan Project
– Secret project to create an atom bomb
– Los Alamos, New Mexico
– Detonated world’s first atomic bomb in desert in
New Mexico
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• U.S. Uses Atom Bombs
– Nagasaki and Hiroshima
– Japanese leaders disregarded Truman’s warnings
– August 6, 1945
• B-29 bomber Enola Gay bombs Hiroshima
• 63% of city destroyed
• Approximately 100,000 dead
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• Nagasaki
– Approximately 50,000 killed
– “V-J Day”
• Victory in Japan
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• Post-War
– Creation of the United Nations
– Stop world from going to war again
– Five Permanent Members:
• Britain, France, China, Soviet Union, U.S.
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• Putting the Enemy on Trial
– U.S., Britain, France, and Soviet Union create
International Military Tribunal (IMT)
– Nuremberg Trials
– Former leaders of Nazi Germany