Transcript Battle of Britain

Pre-War Foreign Policy
-we focused on domestic issues
-extreme anti-war feelings
“Merchants of Death”
Good Neighbor
_________________
Policy
Roosevelt had with Latin America
Neutrality Acts
_________________
forbids arms sales to warring
nations
Causes of WWII
-________________
Nationalism
extreme loyalty to one’s
nation. Very strong in
European nations.
Rearmament
- ________________
Undertaken by Germany,
rebuilding of an Army
Appeasement British
- _______________
and French policy of giving
Hitler land prior to
outbreak of war
More Causes
• Germany breaking
the Non-Aggression
pact with Russia
• Rise of Nazism and
Fascism
• Rise of dictators
• Greed - Hitler
World War II - Leaders
Axis Powers
• Italy – Benito Mussolini
• Germany – Adolf Hitler
• Japan – Emperor Hirohito
•
•
•
•
– Allied Powers
England – Neville Chamberlain & Winston Churchill
France –
Russia – Joseph Stalin
United States – Franklin D. & Harry S.
Roosevelt
Truman
Prelude to War
-Japanese
Aggression
Manchuria
____________
the first
territory the Japanese
tried to take over
China
-Italy – Benito Mussolini
Fascism
___________ political
movement
typified by attempts to
impose state control over
important aspects of life:
political, social, cultural, and
economic.
Appeasement
-Rise
of Germany -
Failed Weimar Republic
Hitler
_______
rose to power in
the 1930’s, leader of the
Nazi Party
Nazi
- _________
party that
believes the Aryan race is
superior to all others
Russia (USSR) led by
-____________
Joseph Stalin during World
War II
Appeasement
-____________
Kellogg-Briand
Pact
outlawed offensive war. What about
Hitler?
-Hoover-Stimson Doctrine
refuse to recognize lands taken by
force
-What had Germany been doing ever
since WWI?
Rearming –
rebuilding it’s
military
Taking of the Rhineland – Hitler starts to make his
move
-Austria, Anchluss
Munich Peace Conference
-_______________________–
gave Germany the
Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia if Hitler would go no
further
-What is America’s stand on the War?
Europe at War
-Japanese are invading China, 1937
-Germany annexes Austria, 1938
-Germany takes Czechoslovakia,
1938
Non-Aggression Pact 1939,
-____________________,
Agreement between Russia and
Germany not to fight one another
-Germany attacks Poland Sept. 1,
1939
-France, England declare war
Blitzkrieg
Lightning War
-_________________
another name for the
German type of war
-heavy use of machinery and
aircraft
Luftwaffe
- ________________
Germany’s Air Force
-quick victory over Poland
Blitzkrieg
-Stalin
attacks Finland, Hitler
attacks Denmark, Norway,
then Belgium
-Invasion of France
-Massive Allied evacuation
at Dunkirk
-France signs surrender,
June 1940
Battle of Britain
-Germany controls most of Europe
-Luftwaffe begin bombing of Britain
-RAF defends British homeland
-”Never in the field of human
conflict was so much owed by so
many to so few”
Winston Churchill
-Germany never launches invasion of
Britain
The European Theater – World War II
German Aggression
- Hitler Invades Poland
- Germany goes after Denmark and
Norway
- Then Hitler moves to Belgium and the
Netherlands
- Most Notable country taken over early
by Hitler was France
European Theater – World War II
Battle of Britain
- German Luftwaffe vs. British Royal Air
Force (RAF)
- Germany fails
Italy making moves as well
- Italians invade Greece and North
Africa, Germany comes to Italy’s
assistance
War Plans
-Roosevelt and British leader
Churchill meet
Germany
Hitler are top
-________ and ________
priority
Unconditional Surrender
-only an __________________
is acceptable
Why is this the only type of
surrender that will be
acceptable?
War Plans
-Battle of the Atlantic
convoy system
Liberty ship building program
was producing great
numbers of ships to supply
war
-Allies begin strategic
bombing of Germany to
destroy war capabilities
Eastern Front
- Scorched-Earth policy, destroy
and remove all useful supplies
and facilities upon retreating
- initial victories in USSR turn into
stalemate and the Russian winter
stops German advances
Stalingrad
-______________,
surrounded in
1942 by the Germans, Russia
wins
- The battle was a turning-point
because
Germany lost a great
number of troops and
materiel that could not
be replaced
Africa/Italy
“front”
-Stalin wants another _________
to occupy Germany
-new “front” opened with invasion
of northern Africa
Rommel
-____________
and the
German forces eventually
_________
defeated
-”Soft underbelly” campaign
wanted to attack Germany
Italy
through _________
-German troops make Italian
campaign last many months
D-Day
-Allies had planned an invasion of
the mainland, led by
Dwight D. Eisenhower
_______________
-_______________
Operation Overlord June 6,
1944, plan to liberate France
-paratroopers invaded behind
enemy lines, thousands stormed
beaches of Normandy France
Omaha Beach
Utah Beach
-France liberated within weeks
Battle
of the Bulge
-__________________Dec.
1944
last German counter-offensive
Hitler does not like it, but the
RETREAT
Germans are now in __________
-massive bombing raids
Roosevelt wins another term
-___________
as President
Truman
____________,
Roosevelt’s VP
-Soviet armies pushing into
Germany from the east
The End is Near
V-E Day
Big 3
-____________,
Roosevelt,
Churchill, and Stalin,
Continue to discuss end of
war
-Allied forces pushing
Berlin
toward _________
-death camps found and
Holocaust is revealed
V-E Day
-___________
dies and
Roosevelt
_______
Truman becomes
President
-What does Hitler now do???
- Russia invades Berlin
-Germany surrenders May
1945