Transcript Protists - the Kyrene home page

PLANT AND ANIMAL
CELLS
Early Scientists’ Contributions:
Record notes on pages 2 and 3
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• First
compound
light
microscope
Robert Hooke
• Coined the
term “cell”
Matthias Schlieden
• All plants are
made of cells
Theodor Schwann
• All animals are
made of cells
Rudolf Virchow
• Cells can only
arise from
pre-existing
cells
Cell Theory
1. All organisms are
made up of one or
more cells.
2. The cell is the
basic unit of
organization of all
organisms.
3. All cells come
from other cells
all ready in
existence.
Cross Section of an Animal Cell:
paste on page 6
Cross Section: Animal Cell
Plant Cell Cross Section:
Record on page 7
Plant Cell
Cell Functions
CELL WALL:
PLANT
• Function:
Gives the cell most
of its support and
structure
• A thick, rigid
membrane that
surrounds a plant
cell
• Bonds with other
cell walls to form
the structure of
the plant
CELL MEMBRANE
•
•
Function:
Semi permeable,
allowing some
substances to pass
into the cell and
blocking others.
Thin layer of
protein and fat that
surrounds the cell
Chloroplast
• Function:
Where
photosynthesis
takes place
• An elongated or
disc-shaped
organelle
containing
chlorophyll
• Function:
Where the
organelles are
located.
• The jellylike material
outside the cell
nucleus.
Cytoplasm
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• Function:
transports
materials through
the cell
• Rough ER is
covered with
ribosome's that
give it a rough
appearance
Golgi Bodies
• Function:
Golgi bodies are the
packaging and
secreting organelles
of the cell.
• Are stacks of
membrane-covered
sacs that package
and move proteins
to the outside of the
cell.
Lysosome
• Function:
Where the digestion
of cell nutrients takes
place
• Also called cell
vesicles
• Spherical organelles
surrounded by a
membrane
• They contain
digestive enzymes
Mitochondria
•
•
•
Functions:
Where energy is
released.
Spherical to
rod-shaped
organelles with
a double
membrane
Membrane is
folded many
times, forming a
series of
projections
(called cristae)
Nucleus:
The Manager
• Function:
Controls many of
the functions of
the cell
• Spherical body
containing many
organelles,
including the
nucleolus
• Contains DNA (in
chromosomes)
• Surrounded by
the nuclear
membrane
Ribosome's
• Function:
Small structures in
the cytoplasm that
create proteins.
• Ribosome's are
either free floating
in the cytoplasm of
a cell or attached
to endoplasmic
reticulum in a cell.
Vacuole
•
•
•
Function:
Like your
suitcase, a
vacuole is a
temporary
storage space for
the cell.
Fluid-filled,
membranesurrounded
cavities inside a
cell
Fills with food
being digested
and waste
material that is on
its way out of the
cell
Edible Plant and Animal Cells
More Edible Cells
Material Suggestions
• pieces each of round and square bread (cell)
• honey (cytoplasm)
• Marshmallows (vacuoles) – 1 large white for
plant, 5 small yellow for animal
• Straight Pretzels (cell wall)
• Wrapped Hard Candies (nucleus)
• jelly beans (mitochondria)
• green Marshmallows (chloroplasts)
• Twizzlers (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
• Smarties (Golgi Bodies)
• Gum Drops (Lysosomes)
• jar of Sprinkles (Ribosomes)
• aluminum foil (cell membrane)