Transcript What are cell parts and their functions?

Chapter 1 Cells
Section 2 “Cell Organelles”
Chapter 1 Section 2
Microscopes allow us to see
inside the cell.
In this PowerPoint you will learn
the following:
9 different cell organelles
What function each organelle has
What is a prokaryotic cell?
What is a eukaryotic cell?
Pro – means “before”
Eu – means “true”
-karote means “nucleus”
What is a prokaryotic cell?
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A cell that does not have a nucleus
All genetic material in cytoplasm
Smaller cells
Normally unicellular
No membrane bound organelles
What is a eukaryotic cell?
 A cell that has all of its genetic
material inside of a nucleus
 Larger cells
 Can be unicellular or multicellular
 Each cell is specialized to perform
a specific job.
What are cell organelles and
their functions?
Even if cells are very tiny,
they are made up of
smaller parts, organelles,
that each do different jobs.
As you can see cells have many parts.
This week you will learn about 9 of these parts.
cell membrane
The cell membrane holds and protects the cell.
It controls what substances come into and
out of the cell
Ex: like the door to enter into the mall
“Gate of the Cell”
nucleus
regulates and controls cell activities, acting
like the “brain” of the cell,
Ex: the mall office, which regulates and
controls activities of the shopping mall.
“Control Center”
chromosomes
direct the activities of cells
Ex: like a mall office director who works in the
office and directs all the activities of the
shopping mall.
“Director of the Cell”
cytoplasm
watery, gel-like material in which cell parts
move and cell activities take
Ex: Like the hallways of the mall where
people move.
“Area of Movement”
ribosomes
Make proteins
Found in cytoplasm and Rough ER
“Proteins”
Golgi body
Processes materials made in ER
“Processing”
mitochondria
produces most of the energy for the cell,
Ex: like an electrical system of the shopping
mall,
“Powerhouse of the Cell”
vacuoles
Store food, water, and chemicals,
Ex: water tank and pipes of the mall,
“Storage Tanks”
lysosomes
Destroys and break down old parts of
cell
“Destroyer”
Endoplasmic reticulum “ER”
Makes and repairs the cell membrane,
 “Repair Shop”
cell wall
The cell wall is only in plant cells.
Its purpose is to shape and protect the cell
Ex: the outside wall of a shopping mall,
which provides shape and protection for it.
“Supporter and Protector”
chloroplast
Only in plant cells, like the cell wall.
It contains chlorophyll, which captures
energy from sunlight and uses it to produce
food for the cell
Ex: Food court in the mall
“Food Producers”
Practice
1. Choose the wrong statement from the
following.
a) Mitochondria produces most of the
energy for the cell.
b) Chloroplasts are “food producers.”
c) Cell wall controls the movements of
materials into and out of the cell.
d) Nucleus regulates and controls all cell
activities, acting as the “brain” of
the cell.
2. Match the cell part to the nick name.
1) Cytoplasm
2) Nuclear membrane
3) Vacuoles
a. Gate of the nucleus
b. Area of movement where cell parts move
c. Storage tanks
3. This cell part is surrounded by a nuclear
membrane.
Is it a nucleus? YES or NO
4. This cell part is the powerhouse of the cell.
Is it a mitochondria? YES or NO
5. Are these chromosomes? YES or NO
Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells