Transcript Cell Structure & Function

Cell Structure
& Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things.
• All cells come from preexisting cells
through cell division.
Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is
capable of performing life
functions.
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Bacteria
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic
•Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
• Bacteria
• One-celled
organisms,
Bacteria
• Do not have a
nucleus.
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
Eukaryotic
• Contain more that one cell.
• Most living organisms
Plant
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
Animal
“Typical” Animal Cell
“Typical” Plant Cell
Cell Parts
Organelles
Surrounding the Cell
cell membrane
• The cell membrane holds and protects the cell.
• It controls what substances come into and out of the
cell like an entrance you have to pass to get into the
shopping mall.
• “Gate of the Cell”
cell wall
• The cell wall is only in plant cells.
• Its purpose is to shape and protect the cell like
the outside wall of a shopping mall, which
provides shape and protection for it.
• “Supporter and Protector”
Inside the Cell
nucleus
• The nucleus regulates and controls cell activities,
acting like the “brain” of the cell.
• Like the mall office, which regulates and controls
activities of the shopping mall.
• “Control Center”
• Contains DNA
cytoplasm
• The cytoplasm is the watery, gel-like material in which
cell parts move and cell activities take place like the
hallways of the mall where people move.
• “Area of Movement”
mitochondria
• Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and
waste removal
• Like an electrical system of the shopping mall, which
supplies electrical energy.
• Produces energy through chemical reactions –
breaking down fats & carbohydrates
• Help plants maintain shape
• “Powerhouse of the Cell”
vacuoles
• The vacuoles store food, water, and chemicals, like
water tank and pipes of the mall, which store water.
• “Storage Tanks”
chloroplast
• The chloroplast is only in plant cells, like the cell wall. It
contains chlorophyll, which captures energy from
sunlight and uses it to produce food for the cell
(photosynthesis) like the pizza shop in the mall that
makes food.
• “Food Producers”
1. Choose the wrong statement from the
following.
a) Mitochondria produces most of the
energy for the cell.
b) Chloroplasts are “food producers.”
c) Cell wall controls the movements of
materials into and out of the cell.
d) Nucleus regulates and controls all cell
activities, acting as the “brain” of
the cell.
2. Match the cell part to the nick name.
1) Cytoplasm
2) Nuclear membrane
3) Vacuoles
a. Gate of the nucleus
b. Area of movement where cell parts move
c. Storage tanks
3. This cell part is surrounded by a nuclear
membrane.
Is it a nucleus? YES or NO
4. This cell part is the powerhouse of the cell.
Is it a mitochondria? YES or NO
5. Are these chromosomes? YES or NO