Transcript What are cell parts and their functions?

What are cell parts and
their functions?
In this PowerPoint you will learn the
following:
 The names of different cell parts
 what function each part has
 We will use the analogy of a
shopping mall as our example of a
cell.
Even if cells are very tiny, they are
made up of even smaller parts, each
with their own job to do. Called
organelles “structures within the
cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells”
As you can see cells have many parts. This
week you will learn about some of these
parts.
cell wall
 The cell wall is only in plant cells.
 Its purpose is to shape and protect the cell like
the outside wall of a shopping mall, which
provides shape and protection for it.
 “Protects the cells of Plants”
cell membrane
 The cell membrane holds and protects the cell.
It controls what substances come into and out
of the cell like an entrance you have to pass to
get into the shopping mall.
 “Gate of the Cell”
 “Protective layer around ALL CELLS”
cytoplasm
 The cytoplasm is the watery, gel-like material in
which cell parts move and cell activities take
place like the hallways of the mall where people
move.
 “Area of Movement”
 “Gelatin-like material inside EVERY CELL
membrane”
mitochondria
 The mitochondria produces most of the
energy for the cell, like an electrical
system of the shopping mall, which
supplies electrical energy.
 “Powerhouse of the Cell”
 “Where the energy in food is stored until
it is released”
chloroplast
 The chloroplast is only in plant cells, like the
cell wall. It contains chlorophyll, which captures
energy from sunlight and uses it to produce
food for the cell like the pizza shop in the mall
that makes food.
 “Food Producers”
 “Site of Photosynthesis in PLANT CELLS”
cytoskeleton
 Tiny network of microfilaments
 “Acts as additional support or scaffolding
within cell”
centrioles
 Function during cell division to separate
daughter cells
Vacuoles (also called Vesicles)
 The vacuoles store food, water, and
chemicals, like water tank and pipes of
the mall, which store water.
 “Storage Bubbles”
 “Membrane bound spaces for temporary
storage in cells”
nucleus
 The nucleus regulates and controls cell
activities, acting like the “brain” of the
cell, like the mall office, which regulates
and controls activities of the shopping
mall.
 “Control Center”
 “Directs all the activities of the cell”
nuclear membrane
 The nuclear membrane protects the nucleus
and also allow substances to pass in and out of
the nucleus, as the cell membrane does the
same for the cell like the main office like the
walls of the mall and its entrance, which protect
the office and let workers in and out.
 “Gate of the Nucleus”
 “Controls passage of materials into or out of
the nucleus”
nucleolus
 DNA Chromosomes all piled up in a
tangled jumble
 Like a bowl of spaghetti
 “Small central location of chromosomes
in nucleus ”
Chromosomes
 The chromosomes direct the activities of cells
like a mall office director who works in the office
and directs all the activities of the shopping
mall.
 “Director of the Cell”
 “Chromosomes are made up of the DNA
instructions for Cell”
Golgi Bodies
 They package and ship substances throughout the
cell. It doesn’t really matter what the substance istheir job is packaging.
 “UPS for the cell”
 Series of flattened membranes that package cellular
substances”
Lysosomes
 Works like the stomach or the trash can
for the cell.
 Can break down food, worn out cell parts
or the entire cell (when its time for
replacement)
 “organelles that contain digestive
chemicals”
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Works like a highway throughout the cell
 Can be Smooth- no bumps or Rough (bumps are
Ribosomes)
 “A series of rough or smooth folded membranes for
movement of materials around in cells”
Ribosomes
 Can be free floating or “bumps along the
Highway of the Rough ER”
 “ Site of Protein synthesis”
Practice
1. Choose the wrong statement from the
following.
a) Mitochondria produces most of the energy for
the cell.
b) Chloroplasts are “food producers.”
c) Cell wall controls the movements of materials
into and out of the cell.
d) Nucleus regulates and controls all cell
activities, acting as the “brain” of
the cell.
2. Match the cell part to the nick name.
1) Cytoplasm
2) Nuclear membrane
3) Vacuoles
a. Gate of the nucleus
b. Area of movement where cell parts move
c. Storage tanks
3. This cell part is surrounded by a nuclear
membrane.
Is it a nucleus? YES or NO
4. This cell part is the powerhouse of the cell.
Is it a mitochondria? YES or NO
5. Are these chromosomes? YES or NO