Transcript Organelles - Granbury ISD

Match It Monday
• Mitochondria
• Nucleus
• Cell Membrane
• Ribosome
• Cytoplasm
• Controls what comes in
and out of cell
• Where protein synthesis
occurs
• Powerhouse of the cell
• Holds up all the
organelles
• Controls all cellular
activity
Organelles
What do they look like?
What is their function?
Cytoplasm
• Gel-like substance
residing within the cell
membrane.
• It holds up all of the
organelles.
• Most cellular activities
occur here.
• 70%-90% water.
Cell Membrane
(aka Plasma Membrane)
• Cell Membrane performs a
number of critical
functions for the cell.
• The membrane separates
and protects the cell from
the outside environment.
• It regulates all that enters
and leaves the cell; in
multicellular organisms it
allows self recognition.
• It is composed of a
phospholipid bilayer.
Centrioles
• Centrioles are
only found in
animal cells. They
function in cell
division. The have
9 groups of 3
arrangement of
the protein
fibers.
Lysosomes
• Lysosomes are called
suicide sacks. They are
produced by the Golgi
body. They consist of a
single membrane
surrounding powerful
digestive enzymes. They
help protect you by
destroying the bacteria
that your white blood
cells engulf. Lysosomes
act as a clean up crew for
the cell.
Mitochondria
• Mitochondrion is the
powerhouse of the cell.
It is the site of
respiration. It has a
double membrane. The
inner membrane is where
most aerobic respiration
occurs. The inner
membrane is ruffled with
a very large surface area.
The ruffles are called
cristae.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Rough ER)
• Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum (ER) is a
series of double
membranes that loop
back and forth. It
manufactures
membranes. The rough
ER has ribosomes
attached to it. This gives
it its texture. These
ribosomes manufacture
proteins for the cell
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Smooth ER)
• Smooth ER lacks
ribosomes. It acts as a
pathway throughout
the cytoplasm.
• It also produces lipids
for the cell.
Nucleus
• Nucleus is called the
headquarters of the cell.
It controls all cell activity.
The nuclear membrane has
many pores. The DNA is
wrapped up as
chromosomes.
• The large solid spot is the
nucleolus. The nucleolus is
a knot of condensed
chromatin. It
manufactures ribosomes. It
stores the information
needed for the
manufacture of proteins.
Golgi Body
• Golgi Body is
responsible for
packaging proteins for
the cell. Once the
proteins are produced
by the rough ER, they
pass into the sack like
cisternae that are the
main part of the Golgi
body.
Vacuoles
• Vacuoles serve as
the storage sites
for the cells.
• They are generally
filled with water.
• In plants they help
to maintain the
pressure inside the
cell.
• They are very
large in plant cells.
Cilia and Flagella
• Cilia are the small hair
like structures around
some cells. Used for
locomotion.
• Flagella are the long
Whip like structures
around a cell. Used for
locomotion.
CytoSkeleton
• The cytoskeleton is a
network of protein
filaments and tubules.
• It transports organelles
within the cell
• And connects
adjacent cells.
Organelles/
features found
only in plants
Cell wall
• The Cell wall is the outer
layer of the plant cell
• It is located outside the
cell membrane. It
provides the cell with
structural support and
protection.
• Cell walls can be found
in plants, some
bacteria, fungi, algae
and archea.
• The cell wall is made of
carbohydrates,
including cellulose.
Chloroplasts
• Chloroplasts are the
site of photosynthesis.
They consist of a
double membrane. The
stacks of disk like
structures are called
the grana. The
membranes connecting
them are the thylakoid
membranes.
• Only in Plant cells
Plastids
• Plastids are major
organelles found in
the cells of plants and
algae. They are the
site of manufacture
and storage of
important chemical
compounds used by
the cell. Plastids often
contain pigments
used in photosynthesis
, and the types of
pigments present can
change or determine
the cell's color.