Transcript Extending Ethernet with Optical Networking

Extending Ethernet with
Optical Networking
Debbie Montano
[email protected]
Oct 9, 2007
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Special Note Regarding Forward
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Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
We’ve come a Long Way

Back in the old days...
– E.g. in 1998/1999 when the Internet2 Abilene
network was 1st developed...
– Optical Transport was provided only by Carriers
or Service Providers
– DWDM (Dense Wave Division Multiplexing)
Systems which multiplexed multiple optical
signals – wavelengths/lambdas – were point-topoint, and designed to carry SONET
(Synchronous Optical Network) traffic, such as
OC-48 (2.5 Gbps) or OC-192 (10 Gbps).
– Voice network repurposed for data.
– Topologies & links (circuits / lambdas) were hard
wired and set in stone.
– Carriers didn’t understand how anyone could
need a WHOLE OC-192 (10 Gbps) circuit!
– Expensive OC-192 (SONET) router interfaces
were required.
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Changes – driven by R&E comm.

Support for 10 GbE circuits (LAN PHY versus WAN
PHY)
– UltraScienceNet got OC-192 lambdas, then used Force10
ethernet switches to bridge WAN PHY to LAN PHY – the “on
ramp”

Used to be if you wanted to transport native 1 GbE,
you could possibly shoe-horn 2 x GbE into an OC-48
(2.5 Gbps channel). Very wasteful.

Internet2 GigaPOPs and backbones are running their
own DWDM / Optical Transport backbones. Want
synergies with their Ethernet infrastructure.

HOPI project – Hybrid Optical & Packet Infrastructure
– Dynamic capacity, integrated capacity.

GLIF – Global Lambda Integrated Facility
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Reliability – growing up

Core research, Critical
applications, Voice/Videoover-IP, all relying on your
networks
– Ethernet switch/routers have
become more resilient
– Built in redundancy, distributed
hardware, modular software

Optical Transport
– No longer expects a SONET layer
to provide redundancy & failover.
– Supports automatic rerouting &
restoration, high availability
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
E-Series Resiliency Architecture
Manageability and Serviceability
• OSPF/BGP Restart
• RSTP, MST
• VRRP
Protocol Resiliency
Link Resiliency
• Modular OS (NetBSD)
• 3 CPU (L2, L3, CP)
• Line Card CPU
• HA Software
• Hitless Software Upgrade
• Hot Swap
• Logging and Tracing
• One Software Image
• LAG
• ECMP
• LFS/WAN PHY
• BFD
HA Software Architecture
Resilient Hardware
Architecture
• Hardware Redundancy
• Distributed Forwarding
• Hitless Failover
• DoS Protection
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Capacity – Room for Growth

R&E driving massive use of
bandwidth

Future-proof networks

Optical Transport provides
enormous room for growth – to
add wavelengths/lambdas,
support additional circuits,
aggregate all types of traffic

Ethernet switch/routers support
90-port GbE cards, 16 port
10GbE cards, with higher
densities coming.
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
OTN

Optical Transport Network (OTN) is composed of a set of
Optical Network Elements connected by optical fiber links, able to
provide functionality of transport, multiplexing, switching,
management, supervision and survivability of optical
channels carrying client signals. Defined in ITU (International
Telecommunications Union) standard G.709 & related standards.

OTN is currently offered in three rates, OTU1,OTU2 and OTU3.
(OTU = Optical Transport Unit).
– OTU1 – approx 2.7 Gbps, designed to carry OC48.
– OTU2 – approx 10.7 Gbps, designed to carry OC-192, or 10 GbE
WAN PHY. Can carry 10 GbE LAN PHY – overclocked/shoe-horned
in.
– OTU3 – approx 43 Gbps, design for “40 Gbps” transport.

A little 10 GbE vs OTN mismatch, but we’ve made it work
– E.g. Force10 E-Series 10 GbE ports are software selectable for
WAN PHY versus LAN PHY operation.

OTN products providing additional Ethernet options &
Capabilities
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Ethernet & OTN:
Match made in Heaven?

Not initially...

But Ethernet and
Optical Transport
need each other,
so they learned to
get along and
compliment one
another
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Ethernet Reach without Optical
Transport

Will reach to local users, servers, storage, compute
nodes.

Won’t even reach from San Diego to Pasadena.

10 GbE
–
–
–
–
–

15 m, CX4 cable
300 m, MMF, SR optics
10 km, SMF, LR optics
40 km, SMF, ER optics
80 km, SMF, ZR optics
1 Gb E
–
–
–
–
100 m, Cat5 cable
220 m, multi-mode fiber (MMF), SX optics
10 km, single-mode fiber (SMF), LX optics
80 km, SMF, ZX optics
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Ethernet Reach WITH Optical
Networking


To the Moon and Back!
OK... Not quite...but
practically around the
world.
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks
Thank You
Debbie Montano
[email protected]
Copyright 2007 Force10 Networks