Transcript Cell Structure and Function

Cell Processes
All About Cells!
Cells are the most
basic unit of life.
What are some
ways that cells
carry out life
processes?
Process: Maintaining Homeostasis
 Living cells can only function within a narrow
range of such conditions as temperature, pH ,
ion concentrations, and nutrient availability.
 Organisms need a way to maintaining internal
stability in spite of environmental change.
Process: Maintaining Homeostasis
Homeostasis = a stable internal environment
Cell membrane –
separates the
internal
environment from
the outside.
Selectively permeable – regulates what
enters and leaves the cell.
Process: Transport of Molecules
All cells acquire the molecules and
ions they need for life from from
their surrounding extracellular fluid
Extracellular fluid
Simple Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Glucose
molecules
High
Concentration
Extracellular fluid
Cell
Membrane
Low
Concentration
Protein
channel
Osmosis
Active Transport
Process: Energy conversions
Can you build
the
photosynthesis
equation?
GLUCOSE
( C6H12O6 )
GLUC
( C6H
OSE
12O6 )
GLUC
( C6H
OSE
12O6 )
GLUC
( C6H
OSE
12O6 )
ENERGY
ATP
(Adenosine Triphosphate)
Can you build the equation
for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
(energy for the cell to use for other processes)
Process: Synthesis of New Molecules
 Proteins play a role in nearly all biological
processes.
 Examples of protein functions:
structure (cell membrane proteins, cytoskeleton
proteins, proteins of the connective tissue),
enzymes for cell reactions (enzymes are proteins),
energy storage
osmotic regulation (albumin),
transport (membrane channels)
immune protection (antibodies),
movement (contractile proteins),
information (hormones, membrane receptors,
intracellular signalers)
The nucleus
contains DNA –
the “blueprint”
for creating
proteins
Protein synthesis: