Transcript Gross Anatomy of Muscle

Biology 211
Anatomy & Physiology I
Dr. Thompson
Gross Anatomy of Muscle
Gross Anatomy of Muscle
In lab we identified a number of
individual muscles
including the origin, insertion,
and function of some
You will not be responsible
for identifying those muscles
in lecture
but:
You should understand some
concepts of their structures
(Should understand some concepts)
1. Each muscle has a size
and shape specialized for
its function.
Any muscle can get larger
(and thus stronger) or
smaller (and thus weaker)
based on how much work it
does.
(Should understand some concepts)
1. Each muscle has a size
and shape specialized for
its function.
2. Muscles often act in groups.
(Should understand some concepts)
1. Each muscle: size and shape specialized for its function
2. Muscles often act in groups
3. Each muscle may have
different functions in
different types of
movement
(Each muscle may have different functions in different
types of movement)
1. Prime mover
or agonist
Generates most of the force to
produce movement
2. Synergist
Generates force to help the
agonist produce movement
3. Antagonist
4. Fixator
(Each muscle may have different functions in different
types of movement)
1. Prime mover
or agonist
2. Synergist
3. Antagonist
Generates force to oppose or
stop movement
4. Fixator
Holds one or more bones steady
so other muscles can pull from
them
Go back over muscles you studied in lab
and
Be sure you understand how these act as agonists,
antagonists, synergists, and fixators.
On lecture exams: You may be asked to identify muscles
with each of these four functions at the shoulder
elbow
wrist
hip
knee
ankle