Transcript click here for a powerpoint presentation on Yr 10 25 Muscular

The ways in which an active,
healthy lifestyle can affect muscles
Types of muscle
• Involuntary (smooth muscle) – as in
internal organs – not under our conscious
control
• Cardiac – only in heart, also involuntary
• Skeletal – voluntary muscles used
primarily for movement
task
• On the A3 sheet fill in the major muscle
groups on the front and back view
diagrams
• Using your text book p.59-61 add caption
boxes to your diagram describing each
muscle and its function, giving a practical
example of its movement
Muscles working
• Muscles work in antagonistic pairs, as one contracts
(shortens), the other relaxes (lengthens)
• Eg biceps/triceps and hamstrings/quadriceps
• The agonist is also called the prime mover
• ‘fixator’ muscles are ones which help to stabilise the
origin of the prime mover
• ‘synergist’ muscles are ones that actively help the prime
mover
• Origin – end of muscle attached to non moving (stable)
bone – point of origin still at contraction
• Insertion – end of bone attached to moving bone
Biceps agonist, triceps
antagonist
Triceps agonist, biceps
antagonist
Deltoid &
trapezius
fixators
Brachialis,
synergist
flexion
extension
tendons
• Attach muscle to bones
• Strong and slightly flexible
• Help to apply the power needed to move
bones
• Excessively strong contraction can cause
damage (tear, rupture)
• Exercise can strengthen tendons, make
them more flexible and less prone to injury
tendonitis
• Inflammation of the tendon
Symptoms – tenderness
pain
swelling
skin warm
reduced muscle movement
Can be short or long term
How to avoid tendonitis
• Avoid repetitive movements and overuse
• Exercise to strengthen surrounding
muscles
• Rest
• Seek appropriate medical treatment
Treatment of tendonitis
• Rest  bandage to support and restrict
movement
• Ice packs to ease swelling and pain
• Anti inflammatory painkillers (ibuprofen)
• Antibiotics if infection is cause of tendonitis
• Physiotherapy
• Steroid injections
• Surgical release of tendon in extreme cases
Tennis elbow
task
• Complete muscle function diagrams