Transcript How can your immune system malfunction?

Do Now Quiz
AIDS is an infectious disease that has
reached epidemic proportions.
Describe the nature of this disease
and identify two ways to prevent or
control the spread of infectious
diseases, such as AIDS. In your
response, be sure to include:
1. The type of pathogen that causes
AIDS.
2. The system of the body that is
attacked by that pathogen.
3. The effect on the body when this
system is weakened by AIDS.
4. Two ways to prevent or control the
spread of infectious diseases, such
as AIDS.
LO: SWBAT describe malfunctions of the
immune system and explain how they
affect the body.
DN: h/o- HIV regents constructive
response question
HW: read page 1041-1044, castle learningimmune system
Quiz tomorrow
How can your immune system
malfunction?
1. Allergies
2. Asthma
3. Autoimmune
Disease
4. Organ
Transplants
What is an allergy?
• Overreaction of the
immune system to a
foreign substance
that is harmless
• Can you think of
materials that can
cause allergic
reactions?
What are things that cause allergies?
Allergens
BEE POLLEN
RAGWEED
HOUSE DUST
MOLD
Allergic reactions
Antihistamine
• Inflammatory response:
allergen attaches to
mast cells which
release histamines.
• Histamines are
chemical that can
trigger an
inflammatory response
(capillaries swell)
• Hives, nausea, or shock
• What can we take for
allergies?
Asthma is an allergic reaction
Allergic reaction
that causes your
respiratory
ducts to swell
Autoimmune disease
The immune
System
fails in
distinguishing
between self and
non-self.
•Body is attacked by its own
immune system
•Can affect any body system
Examples of Autoimmune diseases
Diabetes is a
disease, which
prevents the body
from properly
using food energy.
In MS, the immune
system attacks the
protective coating
around nerves,
called myelin.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Joints swell
organ transplants
• This is a kidney
being removed from
a donor
• The donor will have
his own ID tags on
the cell membrane.
What are these ID
tags called?
Why are transplants difficult?
• A transplanted
organ is
recognized as
foreign and will
produce
antibodies to it.
How will the recipient react?
• The donor must be a “match” (must not see
the antigens on it as foreign) for the
recipient otherwise the immune system will
reject the new organ
• The chance of REJECTION is less when
the donor and recipient are closely related
or when anti-rejection medication is used.
Why take an
immunosuppressant?
It will suppress your immune
system and reduce the chance
of destroying the transplanted
organ.
What is the risk of suppressing
the immune system?
It increases the patient’s risk fo
an infection.
Name: __________
Do Now Quiz #1
Date: _______
#: _______
1. Describe the difference between
active immunity and passive
immunity.
2. Describe two ways in which you
can get active immunity.
3. Describe two ways in which you
can get passive immunity.