Transcript Complex Diseases

Other Diseases &
Disabilities
Hereditary Diseases
~ Diseases caused by
abnormal chromosomes or
by defective genes inherited
from one or both parents.
Genes
• ~ Segments
of DNA located
on a chromosomes that code
for a specific hereditary trait
Single-gene Diseases
~ Occur when 1 gene out of
30,000 to 40,000 genes in the
body has a harmful mutation.
Mutation
~ When a gene carries
incorrect instructions
Huntington’s disease
~ degeneration of brain
cells
Sickle cell anemia
~ blood disease in which the
body produces defective
hemoglobin.
Hemophilia
~ blood disease in which the
body produces little or none
of the blood proteins
necessary for clotting.
Cystic fibrosis
~ disease of the body’s
mucous glands. It primarily
affects the respiratory and
digestive systems of children
and young adults.
Complex Diseases
~ More than one gene influences the onset of
a disease. Lifestyle behaviors can
contribute to a person’s chance of
developing a complex disease
~ CVD’s such as stroke, high blood pressure,
heart attacks, arteriosclerosis, type 2
diabetes and cancer are examples of
complex diseases.
Chromosomal Diseases
~ When a person inherits the wrong number
of chromosomes or an incomplete
chromosome.
~ Humans normally have 23 chromosomes in
each cell.
~ Most common Chromosomal Disease in the
U.S. is Down Syndrome.
Immune Disorders
~ If the immune system does not
function properly it can result in
an immune disorder.
~ Examples of immune disorders
are allergies, asthma and AIDS.
Autoimmune Diseases
~ When the immune system
attacks the cells of the body
that the immune system
normally protect.
~ Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune
diseases are in which the immune
system attacks the joints.
~ Multiple Sclerosis occurs when the
immune system attacks the fatty
insulation of nerves in the brain and
spinal cord.