Transcript Disorders
Topic: Immunity Aim: Explain some disorders of the immune system. Do Now: Locomotion ISN HW: Finish Locomotion ISN Identify 4 noninfectious diseases and 4 infectious diseases (not from the notes) Infectious disease • Caused by a pathogen • Can be transmitted Noninfectious disease • Not caused by a pathogen • Cannot be transmitted Allergies • A reaction to HARMLESS substances • Produces HISTAMINES which cause symptoms Swelling in the patient's left knee from an allergic reaction to a wasp sting. (© Dr. P. Marazzi/Photo Close-up view of a boy with an allergic reaction on his lip as a result of contact with a latex glove. (© Dr. P. Marazzi/Photo Researchers, Inc.) An allergic reaction to a vaccination shot. (Photograph by Lester V. Bergman, Corbis Images. Reproduced by permission.) This photograph is of someone who experienced a severe allergic reaction to acrylics. Note the dry, red, peeling skin around the cuticle and sidewall lines. The lifted nail plate will grow forward as new cells replace the old. Autoimmune Disease • Immune system attacks some of the body's own cells Abnormal antibodies in the blood target tissues within the body rather than foreign infectious agents. Lupus can cause disease of the skin, heart, lungs, kidneys, joints, and nervous system. When only the skin is involved, the condition is called discoid lupus. When internal organs are involved, the condition is called systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus Multiple Sclerosis Rheumatoid Arthritis AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) • Caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) • Weakens the immune system so that the body can’t fight off pathogens The following picture shows (artificially colored purple) viruses on the surface of a T cell. • Transmitted by: –Contact with infected blood –Sharing infected IV needles –Sexual contact with an infected person Cancer • Abnormal cells grow & divide uncontrollably • May form tumors Let’s summarize…: 1. Explain the difference between infectious and noninfectious disease. 2. Identify and explain some examples of infectious diseases. 3. Identify and explain some examples of noninfectious diseases http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysys tems/immunesystem/ http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseases injuriesandconditions/vaccines/ http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseases injuriesandconditions/fluandfluvaccine/ Resistance to a specific disease is a(n) 1. antibiotic. 2. immunity. 3. white blood cells. 4. addiction Once you have had the chicken pox, it is unlikely that you will ever get the disease again because your body has developed a(n) 1. passive immunity. 2. addiction. 3. active immunity. 4. antibiotic. An injection of a weakened virus that allows one to develop immunity against a disease is called a 1. antibody 2. vaccine 3. epidemic 4. pathogen Which of the following parts of the body's defense system seeks out and destroys bacteria? 1. mucus 2. white blood cells 3. skin 4. red blood cells Immunity that occurs when a body makes its own antibodies is called _________immunity. 1. Passive 2. Temporary 3. Shortened 4. Active Infectious diseases are caused by 1. deficiencies in the diet 2. allergies 3. microscopic organisms that can be transmitted from one organism to another 4. malfunctioning organs A person with AIDS is likely to develop infectious diseases because the virus that causes AIDS 1. destroys cancerous cells 2. damages the immune system 3. increases the rate of antibody production 4. increases the rate of microbe destruction In some individuals, the immune system attacks substances that are usually harmless, resulting in 1. an allergic reaction 2. a form of cancer 3. an insulin imbalance 4. a mutation