Transcript Cardiovascular and diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular
diseases account for
almost one in every two
deaths.
Risk factors for noncommunicable diseases
– Controllable:
Diet, body weight, daily
…
physical
activity, sun exposure,
smoking, alcohol abuse, and drug
abuse, relaxation,
– Uncontrollable:
Age, gender,
Ethnicity, Heredity
Coronary Heart Disease
Heart Attacks
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A heart attack is when a coronary artery
becomes closed and part of the heart muscle
starts to die
Heart attacks are the #1 killer in U.S.
It can strike anyone, anywhere, anytime
Symptoms of a heart attack
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Uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing
or pain in the center of the chest lasting for
two minutes or more
Pain spreading to the shoulders, neck, jaw,
arms or back
Dizziness, fainting, sweating, nausea and or
shortness of breath
Congestive Heart Failure
– When
the hearts ability
to pump blood is
reduced, swelling may
occur causing
congestive heart failure
Pectoris – chest pain that
results when the heart does not get
enough oxygen
 Arrhythmias- irregular heartbeats
(ventricular fibrillation, causes the
cardiac arrest)
 Angina
Stroke
 When
blood flow to part of the
brain is blocked and stops
working for a period of time
 Strokes are 3rd leading cause of
death in U.S.
Warning signs of a Stroke
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Sudden, temporary weakness of numbness
of the face, arm or leg
Temporary loss of speech, or trouble in
speaking or understanding people
Temporary dimness or loss of vision,
particularly in one eye
Unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness
High Blood Pressure
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High blood pressure also known as
hypertension comes from an unknown
origin which leads to heart failure
Hypertension can also be identified as the
silent killer
Normal blood pressure reading should be
120/80
Congenital heart disease is a defect
present at birth
•
Heart Murmurs are sounds
produced by the circulation
of blood through the valves
and chambers of the heart
which may or may not mean
a disease is present
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis can cause a heart
attack due to hardening of the
arteries
 Varicose
veins develop
when veins become twisted,
enlarged or have been
weakened… the veins are
near the surface of the skin
Ways to reduce chance of heart
disease
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Exercise
Eat right
Reduce the amount of fatty red meat
Don’t smoke
Learn to take time for self and relax
Maintain a healthy weight
Diabetes
A disease in which the
body does not produce
or properly use insulin,
a hormone that is
needed to convert
sugar, starches and
other food into energy
needed for daily life.
Pancreas
Forms of Diabetes
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Type 1- The body does not produce any
insulin, most often occurring in children and
young adults. Type 1 diabetics must take
daily insulin injections to stay alive.
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Type 2- The body is not able to produce
enough, or properly use insulin. Type 2
diabetes accounts for 90-95% of all diabetic
cases.
Forms of Diabetes
 Gestational-
Develops during
pregnancy. Will usually
disappear after pregnancy is
over. These women have a
good chance of later
contracting Type 2 diabetes.
Who is at Greater Risk for Type 1 Diabetes?
Siblings
of people with
Type 1
Children
of parents with
Type 1
Who is at Greater Risk for Type 2 Diabetes?
People over age of 45
 People with a family history of
diabetes
 People overweight
 People who do not exercise regularly
 Women who had Gestational Diabetes
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Warning Signs of Diabetes
 Type
 Frequent
1:
urination
 Unusual thirst
 Extreme hunger
 Unusual weight loss
 Extreme Fatigue
 Irritability
Warning Signs of Diabetes
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Type 2:
Any of the Type 1 symptoms
Frequent infections
Blurred vision
Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal
Tingling/numbness in the hands or feet
Recurring skin, gum or bladder infection