Transcript Diabetes - Rotary Club of Liamuiga

Diabetes with a
focus on
prevention
Dr. Bichara Sahely
Consultant Physician
29th October, 2010
International University of Nursing,
Basseterre, St. Kitts
What is diabetes?
• Inability of the body to regulate and
utilize energy properly
• Due to not producing enough insulin
or insulin not acting properly
• Resulting in elevated glucose in our
blood
• Which leads to many preventable
complications and early death
Food broken
down to smaller
pieces by
chewing
Liver
Pancreas
Fat
Digestion
occurs by
enzymes
Absorption of
glucose, fatty
acids and
amino acids
Muscle
Pancreas
Liver
Fat
High glucose -> increased insulin
Muscle
Insulin Signaling Pathways That Regulate Glucose Metabolism in Muscle Cells and Adipocytes
Shepherd P and Kahn B. N Engl J Med 1999;341:248-257
Do I have diabetes?
Your Body Mass Index tells
you if you are overweight or
obese!!
What is normal weight?
or (Pre-Obesity)
Crude Mortality Rates (per 100,000 population ) for Select Diseases: (2000-2004)
CARICOM Member States
140
120
Heart
Disease
Rates per 100,000 population
100
Cancers
80
Diabetes
Stroke
60
Injuries
Hypertensive
Diseases
40
HIV/AIDS
20
0
2000
2001
2002
Year
Source: CAREC, based on mortality reports from countries
2003
2004
Mortality Attributable to Select Risk Factors (Latin America &
Caribbean)
High BP
Obesity
Alcohol
Tobacco
High
cholesterol
Low fruits &
veg
Physical
inactivity
Unsafe sex
0
100
200
300
Attributable Deaths (thousands)
400
500
Trends in Adult Overweight/Obesity
in the Caribbean
60
Prevalence (%)
50
40
30
Male
Female
20
10
0
1970s
1980s
YEARS
1990s
Obesity Prevalence (%) Birth to 5 years
(Nutrition Unit, MOH)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1987
1994
2001
2006
Exercise, Exercise !!!!!