Transcript WHY study music? 1. Musician 2. Advertising 3

WHY study music?
1. Musician
2. Advertising
3. Presentations at work or party
4. Knowledge to impress co-workers
5.putting on a profession show
6. arts separate us as a species (for
enjoyments sake)
What is Music? Organized sound in time?
Performance was only media today blessed with
high quality recordings and playback mobile
devices plus unprecedented access to all kinds of
music.
What is Sound? Vibrations interpreted by Brain
into anything you hear
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FOUR MAIN properties of sound :
Pitch
Dynamics
Tone Color
Rhythm (time)
• FOUR MAIN properties of sound : Pitch, Dynamics, Tone
Color, and Rhythm(time)
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PITCH: highness or lowness of defiant vibrations (frequency
of sound waves)= tones (440 cycles per second)
distance between two tones is interval ( i.e. 440 to 460)
tones that are doubled or half are called octave (i.e 220 to
440 to 880)
In western music octave is divided into twelve tones Nonwestern can have more.
Definite pitch (piano, guitar, trumpets, keyboards) Vs.
Indefinite (drums, percussive)
• DYNAMICS: degrees of loudness and softness
(amplitude)
• accent= play one or few notes differently than those
around it
• dynamic markings = pp(pianissimo) ,p (piano) ,mp
(mezzo piano),mf (mezzo forte),f (forte),ff (fortissimo)
• crescendo & decrescendo
• TONE COLOR: timbre = bright, dark, brilliant, mellow,
rich, ect…
• By combining instruments, using different ways to play
them and with today’s electronics almost and infinite
amount of tone colors available.
• Rhythm (time)
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How fast or slow (tempo) (BPM)
Number of beats in a measure
Feels (laidback, on top,ect..)
All instruments or vocalist play time
• Stravinsky = Listen for: Crescendo / Gradual
addition of instruments/ repetition of same
melody at different pitch / sudden dynamic
change / crescendo to ending
• Ellington = listen for : repeated note melody /
tone color changes as melody passes to
different instruments / brass using mutes / full
band at end
• HOW VOCALS RELATE TO PITCH/ DYNAMICS/ TONE COLOR/ RHYTHM
• pitch octaves (12 notes on piano)
• VOICES = Singing styles use all 4 or some of the properties of music plus
introduces
words and story telling.
• Pitch Range of vocal= pro singers can get up to 2 octaves (octave is
doubled same pitch freq 220hz 440hz 880hz ect.)
• larger vocal chords make larger sine wavs (lower pitch) four basic ranges:
SOPRANO, ALTO, TENOR, BASS
• Methods of singing or singing style differ with how singer
uses the four types of sound & lyrically content.
• Examples – Opera uses wide pitch range, tone color of
singer?, lots of dynamics, and varying rhythms
• JAZZ = good pitch range but less than Opera / dynamics Big/
rhythm varies but less, goes with the groove/
• Rock / Pop = usually uses less pitch range, tone color of
singer, some dynamics, less rhythmic variations
• Hip Hop / Rap = usually uses almost no pitch range , tone
color of singer, less dynamics, relies heavily on rhythm