Transcript Element Families - s3.amazonaws.com

Daily Objective
• Students will identify families on the periodic table and will
list common characteristics for each family.
TOURING THE
PERIODIC TABLE
Element Families
Periodic Table Terminology
1.
Periods: Horizontal row of elements in the
periodic table.
2. Group (family): A vertical column of elements in
the periodic table. (Have the same number of
valence electrons)
3. Valence electrons: An electron in the outermost
energy level of an atom.
The FIRST Periodic Table
-Dmitri realized certain properties
repeat periodically when the elements
are arranged horizontally in order of
atomic weight.
-He then placed chemically similar
elements in vertical columns.
-He left empty spaces as needed when
an element did not fit the pattern.
-From these empty spaces Mendeleev
deduced the existence of unknown
elements and could predict their
properties.
Mendeleev Activity
The Modern Periodic Table
Q:How are the elements arranged?
A:The atomic numbers are increasing.
Q: What does the atomic number
represent?
Fact:
When Mendeleev published the first
periodic table he did not know about
subatomic particles.
Element Families
Metals
1. Shiny
2. Can be stretched, shaped
3. Conduct heat, electricity
4. Found to the left of the table
Element Families
Nonmetals
1. May be solids, liquids, or gases
2. Dull and brittle
3. Poor conductors of heat and
electricity
4. Found to the right of the table
Metal Families
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m55kgyApYrY&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1
Group 1(First column) =
Alkali Metals
•
Very reactive with water
•
Soft, shiny
•
One valence electron
•
Form +1 ion
•
They are not found in
nature as elements but as
compounds.
Metal Families
Group 2 (second column) =
Alkaline-earth metals
•
Less reactive with water
than Group 1
•
Have 2 valence electrons
•
Form +2 ions
•
Form compounds that are
found in limestone and in
the human body
Metal Families
Transition Metals
•
The area in the middle
•
Form positive ions
•
Transition metals are able
to put more than eight
electrons in the second
orbital.
•
Used in our everyday lives.
Lanthanide Family
• Rare earth elements
Actinide Family
-Radioactive elements
-Not all of them are found in nature
Nonmetal Families
Halogens (17th column)
•
Very reactive gases
•
Gain electron to form a -1 ion
Nonmetal Families
Noble Gases (18th column)
•
Inert gases, non-reactive
•
Will not form ions
•
Don’t form compounds
Semiconductors/Metalloids
• Located between metals and nonmetals
• Have properties of both metals and
nonmetals
• Conduct heat and electricity