Transcript The Clause 2010

The Clause
•INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
•DEPENDENT CLAUSE
All Clauses
 Group of related words
 Contains a verb and its subject
 Used as part of a sentence.
Check for Understanding:
Clause or Phrase or Complete Sentence?
 Shopping by myself at Pine Tree Mall
 Where the first postal system was developed
 Who ran the first postal system of our country
 Which one gave him that test?
 Inside the White House with Margret Thatcher
 If I can live as long as Uncle George.
INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
 Is the main clause of the longer sentence
 Expresses a complete thought
 Can stand by itself as a sentence
 Has its own subject and verb
 EXAMPLE: I want to be on American Idol.
 No matter what else I do, I want to be on
American Idol.
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
 Also called subordinate clauses
 Do not express a complete thought by itself
 Must be joined to at least one independent clause to
express a complete thought (Hint…Depend on a
complete sentence to make sense!)
 Introduced by who, whom, that, which, if, when,
because, until, etc.
 EXAMPLE (Incorrect): If I finish all of my lesson plans
before Sunday/Who just graduated in May/Because she
is not yet eighteen years old
 EXAMPLE (Correct): If I finish all of my less plans
before Sunday, we are taking a shopping trip to Green
Bay.
Check for Understanding
 P. 161, Ex. 1/evens-- English Workshop textbook
 Example: Egypt is most likely where the first
postal system was developed. (Independent
or Subordinate (dependent) ?
 Subordinate. Why?
 Cannot stand on itself as a complete
sentence because it depends on the first half
of the sentence to make sense.
Improve Your Simple Sentences:
Inserting Subordinating( Dependent) Clauses
 Adjective Clauses—Act like adjectives, modify
nouns/pronouns and answer the questions which
one/what kind/how many.
 Adverb Clauses—Act like adverbs, modify
verbs/adjectives and answer questions when/where/
why/ how something happened.
 Noun Clauses-Do what any noun can do:
subject/direct object/indirect object/object of
preposition
Adjective Clauses
 A subordinate clause that modifies a noun or
pronoun. (Begins with which/that/who/whom)
 Example: The pond, which is a landing place for
migrating birds, lies in a protected area.
 Example: Baseball is the sport that I like best.
 Usually introduced by pronouns: that, which,
who, whom, whose.
The relative pronoun may be omitted
 Here is the video (that ) you ordered. ( Answers
question “which video…”
 There is the person (whom) you were looking
for. (Which person?)
Adverb Clauses
 Modifies a verb, adjective, and adverb.
 Tells how, when, where, why, how much, to
what extent, or under what condition
something happened.
 Examples: after, although, as, as if, as long
as, as soon as, because, before, even though,
if, in order that, once, since, so that, than,
though, unless, until, when, whenever,
where, wherever, whether, while…something
happened.
Examples
 While we were camping in August, we saw a
meteor shower.
 Everyone needs to be at the bus station by 8:45 so
that the bus can leave at nine o’clock.
 Once Mrs. Kahles starts talking, the class
quietly begins taking notes.
 My teacher keeps a jar of Tootsie Rolls on her desk
in case someone answers a bonus question.
Noun Clause
 Used as a noun
 Begins with: that, what, whatever, who, whoever,
whom, whomever.
 Can be replaced by the word it.
 Subject of the sentence: What changed her mind
was the boy’s admission of wrong doing.
 Predicate Nominative: She didn’t know who could
help her.
 Direct Object: We thought we knew what Joe’s gift
would be.
 Indirect Object: Please tell whoever needs to
know yet the directions to Mary’s house.
 Object of a Preposition: Give this bag of toys to
whomever you saw buy them at this counter.
Examples: Finish the noun clause
 That…is a sad fact.
 Whoever…had better tell me the truth.
 What…is a good idea for a prom theme.
 Where…will probably always be a mystery to me.
 We all wanted to know who….