Clauses - North Pocono School District
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Clauses
…include a subject and a verb
Main Types
Independent (sentence)
Dependent (Subordinate)
Dependent Clauses
Adjective Clauses
Adverb Clauses
Noun Clauses
Adjective Clauses
Modify nouns and pronouns
Answer the questions which one?
What kind?
Start with relative pron. or adv. (that,
which, who… or after, before, since…)
Can be removed from the sentence
Essential versus Nonessential
Nonessential clauses are unnecessary
to the basic meaning of the sentence
(usually follow proper nouns).
Set these off with commas
Essential clauses are necessary to
understand the meaning of the
sentence (after common nouns).
Adverb Clauses
Usually modify verbs, but also modify
adverbs, adjectives, and verbals
Tell where, when, in what manner, to
what extent, under what condition, or
why.
Start with subordinating conjunctions
(although, because, if, where…)
Usually start or end the sentence and
modify the verb
Elliptical Clauses (type of adv.
clause)
The verb or subject is understood
They start with than or as
Noun Clause
Acts as a noun: subject, D.O., I.O.,
P.N., O.P., or App.
Answers the question what
They cannot be removed from the
sentence (except for appositives)
Start with words like that, who, how,
what…
Identifying the Function of a Noun
Clause – by placement
Subj,
D.O.
I.O.
P.N.
Starts
the
sentence
after
action
verb
(what?)
between
after
a. verb
linking
and D.O.
verb
(for whom?)
O.P.
App.
After
Prep.
after a
noun
Determining Adjective, Adverb,
or Noun…
If the clause starts the sentence…
Followed by a comma – adv.
Not followed by a comma – n.
If the clause can be removed from
the sentence…
If the clause follows a noun and
describes a noun – adj.
If the clause indicates where, when, or a
condition – adv.
If the clause tells what or who – N.