Transcript El Subjuntivo

El Subjuntivo
Expressing uncertainty
…or…
I wish I were a millionaire!
Indicative
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Use when you know something for certain
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Use when you make an observation without any doubt
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Yo sé que tú compras un coche rojo.
Yo veo que tú estás enfermo.
Use any verb or phrase that states a matter of fact or
that is without any doubt before an indicative
Some are: saber, ver, oír, leer, es cierto que, es sin duda
que…
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Es cierto que tienes un coche rojo.
Subjunctive
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Use subjunctive when talking about something that is
NOT REALITY.
Use to suggest something with doubt or uncertainty.
To suggest someone does something, put the action
(VERB) in the subjunctive. There is no absolute
certainty that he/she will do it.
Yo sugiero (suggest) que tú compres un coche rojo.
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Use the subjunctive because this person may or may not buy
the car.
Verbs Used to Indicate the
Subjunctive
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Use a verb or a phrase that suggests that
someone do something, or says that it is
necessary that someone do something
Use this verb or phrase followed by a “que”
Verbs that “Suggest”:
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Sugerir – to suggest
Decir – to tell
Pedir – to ask for, order
Insistir – to insist
Esperar – to hope
Requirir – to require
AND MORE…
Phrases for Necessity
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Es necesario que
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Es importante que
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It is important that
Es mejor que
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It is necessary that
It is better that
AND MORE…
Sentence Structure
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Subject + Verb or Phrase Indicating a suggestion or
necessity + que + different subject + subjunctive verb
+ the rest of the sentence
THERE MUST BE A CHANGE OF
SUBJECT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
THERE MUST BE A VERB OF WANT/DOUBT/
SUGGESTION/NECESSITY!!!!!!!!!
Example:
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Yo quiero que tú estudies esta noche.
Although I want you to study, I have no idea if you will or if
you won’t. It is not reality. It is just what I want you to do.
Subjunctive Endings
Drop the –o in the yo form and add the
opposite endings
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AR
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e
es
e
-emos
-éis
-en
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Yo/hablar
Hable
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Ellos/nadar
Naden
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ER/IR
a -amos
as -áis
a -an
Nosotros/beber
Bebamos
Usted/tener
Tenga
Irregulars
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Stem changers (Boot Verbs) – still stem change.
(Nosotros and Vosotros = e-i, o-u, for –IR verbs)
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e-i (pedir, servir)
e-ie (cerrar)
o-ue (mover, dormir)
-car, -gar, -zar – no accent marks on the “e”
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car – que
gar – gue
zar - ce
Irregulars
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Especiales
Elegir (to elect) – e-i, g-j
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Conocer (to know)
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elija
conozca
Empezar (to begin) – e-ie, zar – ce
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empiece
Irregulars
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Dar – to give
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-demos
-deis
-den
Estar – to be
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dé
de
dé
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esté
estés
esté
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vaya
vayas
vaya
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-estemos
-estéis
-estén
Ir – to go
sepa
sepas
sepa
- sepamos
-sepais
-sepan
Ser – to be
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-vayamos
-vayais
-vayan
Saber – to know
sea
seas
sea
-seamos
- seais
-sean
Ver – to watch,see
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vea
veas
vea
-veamos
-veais
-vean