Transcript El Subjuntivo: introducción

El Subjuntivo:
introducción
Enfoques: lección 5
THE
BIG
PICTUR
E
In Spanish, there are 2
moods: INDICATIVE and
SUBJUNCTIVE
INDICATIVE is the mood
of all the verb tenses
you’ve ever learned:
present tense (example: llevo)
preterite tense (example: llevé)
imperfect tense (example: llevaba)
the perfect tenses (example: he
llevado,
había
llevado)
future tense (example: llevaré)
SUBJUNCTIVE is
the other
mood.
It has several uses,
some of which are:
doubt or denial of an action
speculation about a future
action
willing something to happen
influencing an action’s outcome
expressing emotion about an
WHICH USE
DID
WE LEARN
ABOUT
IN THE SONG
YESTERDAY?
Que mis ojos se
despierten…
Que mi madre no se
muera y que mi padre
me recuerde…
y que…sea de vos…
y que de tu voz sea
That’s right,
willing
something
to happen.
(in this case
asking God,
may all of
this happen)
ALMOST ALWAYS in order to
use subjunctive, you must have
an expression that signals it’s
use.
Examples: (traduzcan)
• Quiero que Ana baile conmigo.
• I want that Ana dance with me.
• Es dudoso que Juan trabaje en
Kohl’s.
• It is doubtful that Juan works in
Kohl’s.
• Siento que tú estés enferma.
Common verbs of will and
influence:
• aconsejar = to
advise
• desear = to
desire
• exigir (j)= to
demand
• gustar = to be
pleasing
• hacer = to do,
make
• oponerse a = to oppose
• pedir (i) = to ask for,
request
• preferir (ie) = to prefer
• prohibir = to prohibit
• proponer = to propose
• querer (ie)= to want,
wish
• recomendar (ie) = to
recommend
verb signaling +
verb in
subjunctive
subjunctive
Examples:
QUE +
• La maestra manda + QUE + hagamos la
tarea.
• The teacher demands that we do the
homework.
• Me gusta + QUE + tú llegues temprano.
• I like you to arrive early.
• A Dios le pido + QUE + haya mucha
Common verbs/expressions of
emotion:
• alegrarse de = to be
happy
• es extraño = it’s
strange
• es ridículo = it’s
ridiculous
• es terrible = it’s
terrible
• es una pena = it’s a
• gustar = to be
pleasing
• molestar = to
bother
• sentir (ie) = to be
sorry
• sorprender = to
surprise
• temer = to fear
verb signaling + QUE +
verb in
subjunctive
subjunctive
Examples: (traduzcan)
• Es una pena + QUE + no haya nevado
nada.
• It’s a pity that it hasn’t snowed at all.
• Es ridículo + QUE + ellos coman pescado
con helado.
• It’s ridiculous that they eat fish with
ice-cream.
Common verbs/expressions of
doubt/denial:
• dudar = to doubt
• negar (ie) = to
deny
• no creer = to not
believe
• no es verdad =
it’s not true
• no estar seguro
de = to not be
sure of
• es improbable =
it’s unlikely
• es poco seguro =
it’s uncertain
• es posible = it’s
possible
• no es posible =
it’s not possible
• es probable = it’s
likely
verb signaling + QUE +
verb in
subjunctive
subjunctive
Examples: (traduzcan)
• Es dudoso + QUE + vayan a correr 15
millas.
• It’s doubtful that they are going to
run 15 miles.
• Es posible + QUE + haya una prueba
mañana.
• It’s possible that there is a quiz
Now that you know when
to use it, have you figured
out how to FORM
subjunctive?
To form present subjunctive:
Take the YO form of the
present tense
 Drop the “O”
 Add the “opposite” ending (for
AR -> “e” & ER,IR ->”a”)
1.Take the YO form of the
present tense
LLEVAR
O
2. Drop the “O”
LLEV O
3. Add the “opposite” ending (for
AR -> “e” & ER,IR ->”a”)
LLEV E
Examples:
(try!)
• hablar
• hable
• comer
• coma
• morir
• muera
• ver
• vea
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
pedir
pida
poner
ponga
decir
diga
hacer
haga
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
llegar
llegue
traer
traiga
llevar
lleve
poder
pueda
What about verbs that
don’t end with “o” in the YO
form, like voy and sé?
There are 6 irregulars in
subjunctive:
HAYA (haber)
VAYA (ir)
SEA
(ser)
SEPA (saber)
DÉ
(dar)
ESTÉ (estar)
There is one small adjustment
for the tú, nosotros and ellos
forms of subjunctive...
Examples:
yo COMA
yo LLEVE
tú COMAS
tú LLEVES
él COMA
él LLEVE
nosotros COMAMOS nosotros
LLEVEMOS
ellos COMAN
ellos
LLEVEN
Whew! I know subjunctive is a
little
daunting at first, but you can
do it...