Transcript Toddlers Development Need presentation

15
Providing for the Toddler’s
Developmental Needs
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Providing for Toddlers’ Food
Needs
• Food intake should always meet
nutritional needs
• They eat less food than infants or
adults
• Foods high in calories and low in
nutrients should be avoided
– eating too much of these empty calorie
foods may cause too much weight gain
now or in the future
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Providing for Toddlers’ Food
Needs
• Food allergy is an abnormal response
to a food triggered by the body’s
immune system
– most common foods include milk, eggs,
peanuts, fish, crustacean shellfish, wheat,
soybeans, tree nuts
• food labels are required to list these
ingredients
• Registered dietitian has special
training in nutrition and diet and
meets the qualifications of the ADA
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Meeting Nutritional Needs of
Older Toddlers
• MyPlate food guidance system
– developed by USDA
– designed for people two years and older
• create personalized eating plan based on age,
sex, activity level (www.ChooseMyPlate.gov/)
– five major food groups
• grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, protein foods
• oils (not a food group) included, but eaten in
limited amounts
• Smaller serving sizes for older toddlers
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Clothing
• Should allow toddlers to stay active,
comfortable, safe
• Should withstand constant movement
and messy play
• Sizing is not consistent
– s-m-l or 18 mo. or 1T
– most accurate is weight/height ranges
• Self-dressing features (toilet learning)
– elastic-waist pants, shorts
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Important Features in
Toddler Clothes
Safety
Comfort
Easy care
Quality
construction
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Growth
features
Rest and Sleep
• Sleep fewer hours and take less naps
than babies
• Sleep needs vary
– more when ill
– less when stress is occurring
• More likely to resist sleep
– struggle for autonomy
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Rest and Sleep
– set a bedtime
ritual (routine)
• one hour a night
• only restful activities
• naptime rituals can
also be helpful
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Hygiene
• Bathing is one of
the most important
aspects of hygiene
for toddlers
• Should not be left
alone when bathing
• May want to bathe
themselves
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Toilet Learning
• Toilet learning is
the process by
which adults help
children control their
excretory systems
• Timing varies from
toddler to toddler
• Many toddlers do
not complete the
process quickly
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When the Toddler Is Ready
• Child-sized toilet,
potty chair, or toilet
ring should be used
– step stool can help
with full-sized toilets
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When the Toddler Is Ready
• Let toddler see toilet before using
– may want to sit on it with clothes on
• Bathroom should be lit
– night-light
– easy-to-reach light switches
• Clothes should be easy to manage
– warm weather clothing is easier
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Language Activities
• Adults can enhance the toddler’s use
of language
• Early childhood programs that allow
for play and exploration help
language learning
• Parents can organize their homes to
promote language learning
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Toddlers Need to Hear
Language
• Adults should talk to toddler’s during
daily routines, games
• Adults can begin talking in a
conversational manner before child
can respond verbally
• Adults should use all types of
sentences as they talk to toddlers
• Adults can help toddlers learn to
make different sounds
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Clear and Simple Speech
• Speech should be clear and simple
– match sentences to child’s level
– do not talk beneath child’s level
– model language, but be relaxed about
child’s language errors
• Adults can expand on child’s sentences
• Children will learn what they hear and
will repeat it
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Choosing Books for Toddlers
• Reading books and saying rhymes
helps toddlers develop language
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Choosing Books for Toddlers
• Pictures must be colorful and simple
• Storylines should focus on toddlers’
favorite subjects
• Books should be durable
• Pages should be easy to turn and
keep open
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How Toddlers “Read”
• Will not sit still and look at books for
a long time
• Tend to glance at a page and then
turn to the next
• May look at pictures and not listen to
the entire story
• Adults can name objects in the book
and point, then ask toddler to point
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Reading to Toddlers
• May insist on
hearing same story
over and over
– routines (especially
at bedtime) help
feelings of security
– comforting
presence of adult
adds security
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Singing with Toddlers
• Songs that act
out the meanings
of words are
helpful to toddlers
• Adults and
children can make
up words to
mileage tunes
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Discipline
• Toddlers lack self-restraint (they
cannot always control themselves)
• Do not always know the rules of
acceptable behavior
• Parents are in Galinsky’s authority
stage of parenting
• Toddlers must have limits to help them
learn socially acceptable behavior
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Balancing Self-Assertion and
Obedience
• Self-assertion is doing as one
chooses rather than what others want
• Obedience is acting within the limits
set by others
• Meet toddlers needs, not punish what
they do wrong
– each toddler has his or her own unique
needs, but some needs are common
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Balancing Self-Assertion and
Obedience
Need to
feel loved
Want to
feel lovable
Need
understanding
and patient
guidance
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Need
respect
Need
consistency
in discipline
Developmental Delays
• Infant development is generally
measured through gross-motor skills
• During toddler years, fine-motor skills
and language become more important
in indicating healthy development
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