Transcript Street Names - Beavercreek City Schools

Chapter 11
Medications and Drugs
Lesson 11.1 Medications
Lesson 11.2 Drugs
Lesson 11.3 Drug Abuse and Addiction
Lesson 11.1
Medications
Warm-Up
Drug Use
Give two examples of health problems that would
cause people to use prescription drugs.
What are some side effects that drug users might
experience?
Can prescription medications be abused like
other drugs, such as cocaine or heroin?
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Uses for Medications
• A medication is a
substance used to treat
disease or relieve pain
• Reasons people use
medications
– To treat symptoms of an
illness
– To cure a disease
– To manage a disease
– To prevent a disease
shutterstock.com/Monkey Business Images
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Food and Drug Administration
• After a company tests
a new medication, the
Food and Drug
Administration (FDA)
must then approve it
• The FDA also decides
whether a medication
should be sold with or
without a doctor’s
prescription
shutterstock.com/bikeriderlondon
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Over-the-Counter Medications
• Sold to people without
a doctor’s prescription
• Purchased at local
stores and pharmacies
• Used to treat the
symptoms of many
relatively minor health
conditions
shutterstock.com/PathDoc
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Critical Thinking
OTC Medications
What are some commonly used
OTC medications with which you
are familiar?
Do you use these medications? If
yes, for what reasons?
thinkstock.com/Stockbyte/Thinkstock Images
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Prescription Medications
• Can only be sold to a
person with a prescription
from a doctor or other
licensed healthcare
professional
• Different types of
prescription medications
have different functions
– Antibiotics
– Anesthetics
– Vaccinations
shutterstock.com/AntonioDiaz
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Think Further
What are some different methods used to deliver
medicine into the body?
– Pill, tablet, capsule, or liquid forms can be swallowed
– Drops, cream, or gel forms can be applied to a
particular part of the body
– Transdermal patches can be placed on the skin
– Medications can be inhaled into your nose or mouth
– Medications can be injected directly into the body
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Health Risks of Taking Medications
• All medications can have side effects
• Some medications cause health risks by
interacting with other medications, foods, or drinks
• People can experience an adverse or allergic
reaction to medication
• OTC medications may relieve symptoms but not
treat the underlying cause of the symptoms
• Adverse effects may result from medication
misuse
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Medication Abuse
• The intentional use of
medications for
purposes other than
those intended by the
prescribing doctor
• Commonly abused
prescription medications
– Opioids
– Depressants
– Stimulants
shutterstock.com/SerialCoder
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Think Further
Carefully reading and following
OTC and prescription medication
instructions can help you avoid
misuse and abuse of medications
and reduce health risks.
What are some other strategies
for using medications safely?
thinkstock.com/iStock/Anna Khomulo
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Lesson 11.2
Drugs
Drugs
• The word drugs refers
to substances that
cause a physical or
psychological change
in the body
• Most drugs are illegal
and can be very
dangerous
shutterstock.com/vidguten
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Illegal Drugs
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cannabinoids
Depressants
Hallucinogens
Stimulants
Narcotics
Steroids
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Cannabinoids
• Marijuana
• Hashish
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Marijuana
• Made from the dried leaves and tops of the
cannabis plant.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dope
Grass
Mary Jane
Ganja
Pot
Joints
Weed
Skunk
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested/Legality
• Smoked or eaten
• Light marijuana users
smoked two to 15
joints per week,
• Moderate users
smoked 17 to 70 joints
per week
• Heavy users smoked
78 to 350 joints per
week.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=ma
rijuana+video&FORM=VIRE1#view=detail
&mid=04F5028EAFC6B9C79B9404F5028E
AFC6B9C79B94
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Affects
Lasts 2-4 hours
Detected in urine/single use
3 days/chronic use 21-27 days
Users become:
• Relaxed
• Drowsy
• Euphoric
• Hungry
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Marijuana
•
•
•
•
•
60% is imported from Mexico
Grows 5-18 feet tall
1000 $ per plant
THC is secreted and attracts male plants
Female plants are producers of THC
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Marijuana
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Blooms Highest potency
Leaves 2nd
Stems = ditch weed
Roots = nothing
Pot brownies = THC in the butter still illegal
Arrested for weight of product
Ten thousand $ for a pound of weed
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
• Damages brain cells and brain
function
• delta-9
tetrahydrocannabinol, or
THC,
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
THC
•
•
•
•
•
•
70’s=2% THC
90’s= 4%
Now 30% THC in Greene county
Chronic or Kush = high grade
Purple haze = potent THC
In Colorado any Dr. who uses medical marijuana
can’t practice medicine
• Effects dexterity and brain function
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
One region of the brain
that contains a lot of THC
receptors is the
hippocampus, which
processes memory. When
THC attaches to receptors
in the hippocampus, it
weakens short-term
memory
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Short Term Psychological Effects
Signs of using marijuana include:
• Altered perceptions and mood
• Difficulty with thinking and problem solving
• Dizziness
• Impaired short-term memory
• Increased metabolism (the munchies)
• Impaired time perception
• In large doses, hallucinations
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Long Term Psychological Effects
• Affects brain development, and when it is used
heavily by young people, its effects on thinking
and memory may last a long time or even be
permanent
• Impaired Short-Term and Long-Term Memory
• A-Motivational Syndrome (lack of motivation)
• Increased Anxiety
• Depression Tendencies
• Psychosis Tendencies
• Loss of Co-ordination and Balance
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Physical Effects of Marijuana
Short term:
• Increased heart rate
• Dry mouth and throat
• Red eyes
• Relaxation
Long term:
• Suppression of the immune system so reduced
resistance to common illnesses (colds, bronchitis, etc.)
• Reduced sexual capacity
• Lung infections like pneumonia
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
What Are the Other Health Effects of
Marijuana?
• Marijuana raises heart rate by 20-100 percent
shortly after smoking; this effect can last up to 3
hours.
• In one study, it was estimated that marijuana users
have a 4.8-fold increase in the risk of heart attack
in the first hour after smoking the drug, causing
palpitations and arrhythmias.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Interesting facts
• The pain relief from marijuana last 820 minutes. Oxycotin last 12 hours
• 420 chemicals that harm your health
• Secondary smoke =certain
nanometer not significant
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Medical Marijuana Cons:
• increased prostate and cervical cancer risk
• Babies being born with high THC levels ADD,
ADHD, Learning disabilities
• Carried in male sperm
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Medical Marijuana Cons:
• Triggers a short-term drop in the
hormones that direct growth and
development.
• Lowers sperm production in males,
resulting in fewer normal sperm cells.
• Tinkers with the balance of
hormones that control the menstrual
cycles of girls and women.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Medical Marijuana Pros:
• Enhance the appetite of cancer patients
undergoing chemotherapy.
• Relieving a person from the uneasy feeling
of nausea.
• Treatment of neurogenic pain.
• People suffering from glaucoma and
spasticity (resistance to stretch).
• Relieve the chronic pain and suffering of
people with incurable diseases like cancer,
AIDS, multiple sclerosis, etc.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Marijuana and Driving
• Because it seriously impairs judgment and motor
coordination, marijuana also contributes to
accidents while driving.
• A recent analysis of data from several studies
found that marijuana use more than doubles a
driver’s risk of being in an accident.
• Further, the combination of marijuana and alcohol
is worse than either substance alone with respect
to driving impairment
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dw1HavgoK9E
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Is Marijuana Addictive?
• Contrary to what many pot smokers may tell
you, marijuana is addictive, at least
psychologically. Among heavy pot smokers, the
rates of dependence are higher.
• Estimates from research suggest that about 9
percent of users become addicted to marijuana;
this number increases among those who start
young (to about 17 percent, or 1 in 6) and
among daily users (to 25-50 percent).
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Withdrawal Symptoms?
• Long-term marijuana users trying to quit report
withdrawal symptoms including irritability,
sleeplessness, decreased appetite, anxiety, and
drug craving.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Marijuana Overdose
• Temporary overdose of the pot is called “greening
out.” The effects last for a few hours. Symptoms
include:
• Temporary and extreme paranoia, fear and anxiety
• Trouble breathing
• Pupil dilation
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fast pulse
• Shaking chills
• Disorientation
• Hallucinations
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Ohio and the Law:
Activity
Amount
Incarceration Fine (max)1 Classification
3
Possess
100 g or less 5
or Cultivate
100 g to 200 g
$150 2
Misdemeanor
30 days max $250
Misdemeanor
(4th Degree)
Near school 60 days max $500
or minor 5
Misdemeanor
(3rd Degree)
Regular
200 g to 1,000 g Regular
1,000 g to
20,000 g
Minor
1 year max
$2,500
Felony (5th
Degree)
Near school 18 months $5,000
Felony (4th
or minor 5
Degree)
Regular
5 years max 4 $10,000
Felony (3th
Degree)
Near school 2-8
years
$15,000
Felony (2nd
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Marijuana Bust
• Busted a 73 and 74 year old couple on Mohican
drive in Kettering Ohio
• Had 1.7 billion dollars in a back room
• Had a garage full of marijuana
• They had been dealing for thirty years
• They went to jail for ten years and lost
everything
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Hashish
• The liquid resin from the
cannabis plant.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
• Boom
• Chronic
• Gangster
• Hash
• Hash oil
• Hemp
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Smoked
• Mixed with tobacco
• Eaten in candies or
cookies
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
• Similar to Marijuana but
can be stronger
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Depressants
• Barbiturates
• Benzodiazepines
• Methaqualone
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Barbiturates
• Strong depressants that are
prescribed to relax people or
help them sleep
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
• Barbs
• Reds
• Red birds
• Phennies
• Yellows
• Yellow jackets
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Injected
• Swallowed
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Potential Health
Consequences
•
•
•
•
•
•
Reduced anxiety
Feeling of well-being
Lowered inhibitions
Slowed pulse and breathing
Lowered blood pressure
Poor concentration
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Benzodiazepines
•
•
•
•
•
Depressant
Used to treat seizures
Anxiety
Insomnia
Conscious sedation
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
• Candy
• Downers
• Sleeping pills
• Tranks
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Swallowed
• Injected
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Potential Health
Consequences
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Depression
Unusual excitement
Fever
Irritability
Poor judgment
Slurred speech
Dizziness
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Withdrawal Symptoms
• Perceptual distortions
• Paraesthesia, defined as abnormal skin
sensations such as tingling, tickling, itching or
burning
• Difficult walking
• Anxiety
• Tension
• Agitation
• Restlessness
• Sleep disturbance/insomnia
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Overdose Symptoms
• Poor balance, difficulty walking
• Slurred speech
• Depending on the amount taken and the amount
of time that has passed since the overdose, the
person may experience depressed (slow, shallow)
breathing, coma, cardiac arrest, cold
skin/hypothermia, and hypotension
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Methaqualone
• Depressant
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
• Ludes, mandrex, quad, quay
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Injected, Swallowed
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Potential Health
Consequences
• Depression
• Poor reflexes
• Slurred speech
• Coma
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Hallucinogens
• LSD
• PCP
• Mescaline
• Mushrooms
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
LSD
• Is made from synthesized lysergic acid.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2qVx
RtJNTY
• Acid
• Blotter
• Boomers
• Cubes
• Microdot
• Yellow Sunshines
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Absorbed through mouth tissues
• Swallowed
• Sniffed
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
• Pupils Dilate
• Skin becomes “flushed”
• Heart rate and temperature
increases
• “bad trips”
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Potential Health Consequences
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Altered state of perception
Nausea
Persistent mental disorders
Sleeplessness
Loss of appetite
Weakness
Tremors
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
PCP
• Initially developed as general anesthetics for
surgery
• Distort perceptions of sight and sound and
produce feelings of detachment - dissociation from the environment and self.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
• Angel dust
• Dust
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Smoked
• Swallowed
• Sniffed
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
•
•
•
•
•
•
Restlessness
Disorientation
Anxiousness
Anger
Aggression
Feelings of Invincibility
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Mescaline
• Mescaline is a naturally occurring psychedelic
found in several cactus species, most notably,
Peyote and San Pedro
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
• From earliest recorded time, peyote has been used
by natives in northern Mexico and the
southwestern United States as a part of their
religious rites.
• The top of the cactus above ground--also referred
to as the crown--consists of disc-shaped buttons
that are cut from the roots and dried. These
buttons are generally chewed or soaked in water to
produce an intoxicating liquid.
• The hallucinogenic dose of mescaline lasts about 12
hours
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Side Effects
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pupil dilation
Dizziness
Vomiting
Sensations of warm and cold
Headaches
Some of the visions under the effect of
mescaline can cause nightmares that can
give birth to some psychosis to the
consumers.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
MAGIC MUSHROOMS
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R8Iqdra8GeE
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Eaten
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
SHROOM EFFECTS:
•
•
•
•
•
muscle relaxation
Dilation of pupils
Vivid visual and auditory distortions
Emotional disturbances
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5kqThVON18
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Stimulants
• Stimulants are drugs which
produce a quick temporary
increase of energy.
• Cocaine, tobacco and caffeine
are the three most popular
stimulants
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Types of Stimulants
•
•
•
•
Cocaine
Crack
Amphetamines
Methamphetamines
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Cocaine
•
•
•
•
•
•
Wicky stick
Nose candy
Blow
Snowball
Tornado
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tlwW2DKzlc
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Snorted
• Injected
• Smoked
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects of Cocaine
•
•
•
•
Highly addicted
Can cause stroke, heart attack or seizure
Can be fatal in one use
While each person who uses this drug reacts
to it differently, there are two distinct
categories of cocaine effects: short-term
effects and long-term effects
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Short Term Effects
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Increased blood pressure
Constricted blood vessels
Dilated pupils
Mental alertness
Increased energy
Increased heart rate
Decreased appetite
Increased temperature
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Long Term Effects
• convulsions, nausea, blurred vision, chest
pain, fever, muscle spasms, and coma
• Other long-term cocaine effects include:
- Addiction
- Paranoia
- Irritability
- Restlessness
- Auditory hallucinations
- Mood disturbances
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Crack Effects
•
•
•
•
10 times greater than cocaine.
Can be fatal with one use
Extremely addictive
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxI7PTVRfhQ
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Crack
• Freebase Cocaine
• Rock
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Because crack is smoked, the user experiences a
high in less than 10 seconds.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Methamphetamines
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Meth
Crank
Crystal Meth
Crystal Tea
Crystal
Ice
Speed
Chalk
Glass
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
•
•
•
•
Swallowed
Snorted
Injected
Smoked
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
• Addictive
• Effects similar to cocaine
• Can be fatal
with one use
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Meth explosion in Greene County
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Back pack meth lab
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hm0inX
QzRwk&feature=related
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Faces of Meth…………….
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iW_fs
b3Dqw
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Amphetamines
• Diet Pills (No longer sold for this purpose)
• Ingested - Swallowed
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Speed
Uppers
Ups
Black beauties
Pep pills
Copilots
Bumblebees
Hearts
Footballs
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
• They induce exhilarating feelings of power, strength,
energy.
• The need to sleep or eat is diminished.
• The release of dopamine typically induces a sense of
aroused euphoria but the euphoria doesn't last. There
follows an intense mental depression and fatigue.
• Feelings are intensified. The user may feel he can
take on the world.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Narcotics
•
•
•
•
•
Opium
Morphine
Codeine
Heroin
The term "narcotic," derived from the Greek word
for stupor, originally referred to a variety of
substances that dulled the senses and relieved
pain. From poppy plant.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Opium
• Street name – “O”
• Ingested – Smoked
• Extremely addictive
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Morphine
• Morphine is isolated from crude opium, which is
a resinous prep of the opium poppy.
• Trade Name - Roxinal, MS Contain, Morphine
Sulfate
• Street Names - "M", morph, Miss Emma
• Ingested – Injected,
snorted, smoked or
swallowed
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Medical Uses
• Symptomatic relief of moderately severe to severe
pain;
• Relief of certain types of difficult or labored breathing;
• Suppression of severe cough (rarely);
• Suppression of severe
diarrhea
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
• Drowsiness and fatigue
• One of the strongest pain relievers used in
medicine.
• Causes addiction and severe withdrawal
symptoms
• Can cause respiratory arrest and death.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Heroin
• Heroin is processed from morphine.
• Substance extracted from the seedpod of the
Asian poppy plant.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i--yLz_i44c
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Injected
• Snorted
• Smoked
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
•
•
•
•
Extremely addictive
Can cause respiratory arrest and death.
Severe withdrawal symptoms
Heightens the risk for infection with HIV and
Hepatitis B
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Track Marks
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Greene County Homecoming queen
after graduating and using heroin
http://www.10tv.com/content/stories/2015/1
1/12/columbus-ohio-heroin-at-home-anohio-epidemic.html
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
3 kilos of heroin and 1 million in cash
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Methadone
• Used for treatment of narcotic addiction
• If used correctly it helps people get off
the heroin
• Drug dealers target these clinics to sell
more heroin
• Narcan
https://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=cqg0tI
0ypyM
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
OxyContin
• OxyContin is a powerful painkiller available in
time-release tablets whose effects last for
twelve hours.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Steroids
• Powerful drugs that boost athletic
performance.
• Anabolic means
"building body tissue.“
Anabolic steroids help
build muscle tissue and
increase body mass by
acting like the body's
natural male hormone, testosterone.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Steroid Street Names
• ‘Roids
• Juice
• Hype
• Pump
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Who Uses Steroids?
• Athletes involved in sports that rely on
strength and size, like football, wrestling, or
baseball
• Endurance athletes, such as those involved
in track-and-field and swimming
• Athletes involved in weight training or
bodybuilding
• Anyone interested in building and defining
muscles
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How are steroids used?
• By mouth (pills)
• Injected
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
What are the side effects of
steroids?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
High blood pressure and heart disease
Liver damage and cancers
Stroke and blood clots
Urinary and bowel problems, shrunken testies
Headaches, aching joints, and muscle cramps
Nausea and vomiting
Sleep problems
Increased risk of ligament and tendon injuries
Severe acne, especially on face and back
Baldness
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Emotional Effects
• "Roid rage" - severe, aggressive behavior
that may result in violence, such as fighting
or destroying property
• Severe mood swings
• Hallucinations - seeing or hearing things
that are not really there
• Paranoia - extreme feelings of mistrust and
fear
• Anxiety and panic attacks
• Depression and thoughts of suicide
• An angry, hostile, or irritable mood
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
A Special Danger to Adolescents
• Anabolic steroids, even in small doses, have
been shown to stop growth too soon.
• Adolescents also may be at risk for becoming
dependent on steroids.
• Adolescents who use steroids are also more
likely to use other addictive drugs and
alcohol.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Club Drugs
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
MDMA (Ecstasy)(Molly)
• MDMA is an illegal drug that acts as both a 40%
stimulant and 60% hallucinogen.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Street Names
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ecstasy
Adam
XTC
Hug
Beans
Love drug
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Ingested
• Orally, usually in a tablet or capsule, and its effects
last approximately 3 to 6 hours
• Sniffed
• Injected
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects of Ecstasy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Confusion
Depression
Addiction
Paranoia
Nausea
Sleep Problems
Acne Like Rashes
Brain Damage
Teeth Clenching
Chills and Cold Sweating
Liver Damage
Aggression
Blurred Vision
Anxiety
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
What are its long-term effects?
• Repeated use of Ecstasy ultimately may damage
the cells that produce serotonin, which has an
important role in the regulation of mood, appetite,
pain, learning and memory.
• There already is research suggesting Ecstasy use
can disrupt or interfere with memory.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Brain on “X”
• Brain releases serotonin on X
Afterwards the low levels may cause
depression and suicide
1-5 days levels return to normal
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Post ecstasy depression
•
•
•
•
•
•
Irritability
Lack of motivation
Extreme moodiness
Unexplained crying
Memory disruption ( phone numbers)
Fuzzy vision (1-7 days)
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Ecstasy Can be fatal
•
•
•
•
•
Increases blood pressure
Increases heart rate
Increases body temperature
Body temp to 104 brain dead
Body temp to 110 death
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
The withdrawal symptoms
•
•
•
•
•
Insomnia
Loss of weight
Depression
Loss of appetite
Anxiety
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Effects
• Also acts as a stimulant
• Can cause brain damage
• Similar to LSD
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Warning signs of ecstasy use:
– Be alert to signs of Ecstasy use around
you.
– Pacifiers and suckers
control teeth-grinding,
a common side effect
of Ecstasy.
– Candy dispensers
are used to hide
Ecstasy tablets.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
New Drugs on the Market
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Strawberry Quick
• They are calling this new form of
meth "Strawberry Quick"
• It looks like Pop Rocks candy that sizzle in your
mouth. It is dark pink in color and has a strawberry
scent to it.
• First-time users might feel alert, full of energy and
self-confident in the initial onset of the drug, but
hours later, brain cells release an enzyme that stops
the dopamine flow, which is what sends feelings of
pleasure.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Mollys
• Slang for "molecular".
• “Molly" is crystal or powder form of MDMA.
• Molly" has properties similar to the stimulant
effects of Ecstasy, but taken in larger doses it
promotes hallucinogenic reactions.
• This poses an even greater risk to young adults
who have taken Ecstasy previously and
accidentally overdose by trying to achieve the
hallucinogenic effects.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Molly………….
• Psychological: Anxiety and paranoia, depression,
Irritability, fatigue, Impaired attention, focus, and
concentration, (due to depleted serotonin levels)
• Physiological: Dizziness, lightheadedness, or
vertigo, Loss of appetite, Gastrointestinal
disturbances, such as diarrhea or constipation
Insomnia aches and pains.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIUXv_nBG3Q
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Spice
• Synthetic Marijuana
• "Spice" refers to a wide variety of herbal mixtures
that produce experiences similar to marijuana
• Sold under many names, including K2, fake weed,
Yucatan Fire, Skunk, Moon Rocks
• Contain dried, shredded plant material and
chemical additives that are responsible for their
psychoactive (mind-altering) effects.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSI-QU4U62E
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How Does Spice Affect the Brain?
• Similar to those produced by marijuana—elevated
mood, relaxation, and altered perception—and in
some cases the effects are even stronger than
those of marijuana.
• Some users report psychotic effects like extreme
anxiety, paranoia, and hallucinations.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
What Are Physical Effects of Spice?
• Rapid heart rate, vomiting, agitation, confusion,
and hallucinations.
• Spice can also raise blood pressure and cause
reduced blood supply to the heart (myocardial
ischemia)
• Regular users may experience withdrawal and
addiction symptoms.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Bath Salts
• http://youtu.be/bKbTbRqXVFg
• "Ivory Wave," "Purple Wave," Vanilla Sky," and
"Bliss" are street names of “bath salts”
• These drugs have nothing to do with real bath
salts –
• They snort it, shoot it, mix it with food and drink it
• The effects can include “Excited Delirium”,
agitation, paranoia, hallucinations, chest pain,
increased pulse, high blood pressure, and
suicidal thinking/behavior
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
What are the Short-Term Effects?
• Very severe paranoia that can sometimes cause
users to harm themselves or others.
• Suicidal thoughts, agitation, combative/violent
behavior, confusion, hallucinations/psychosis,
increased heart rate, hypertension, chest pain,
death or serious injury.
• The speed of onset is 15 minutes, while the
length of the high from these drugs is 4-6 hours.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Krocodile Drug
• Krokodil is actually Desomorphine.
• Is an Opiate
• Made quickly from Codeine, Iodine and
red phosphorous.
• 8 to 10 times more potent than morphine.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Krocodile Drug
• http://youtu.be/D2vkdxKHFB8
• At the injection site the skin will turn green and
scaly from gangrene and resemble that of a
crocodile right before it starts rotting away
exposing tissue and bone.
• Popular in Russia and Eastern Europe.
• The average life expectancy of a user? Under 1
year.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Hookah pipes/Pens
water pipes that are used to smoke
specially made tobacco that is
available in a variety of flavors.
Studies show it to be as harmful if not
more harmful than cigarette smoke
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
DATE RAPE DRUGS
• These are drugs that are sometimes used
to assist a sexual assault.
• GHB (gamma hydroxybutyric acid)
• Rohypnol (flunitrazepam)
• Ketamine (ketamine hydrochloride)
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
STREET TERMS
Ketamine
MDMA
Rohypnol
Disco biscuit
Forget me
drug
Grievous
K
bodily harm
Hug drug
Mexican
valium
Max
Jet
Go
Roaches
Soap
Super acid
XTC
Roofies
GHB
Street Terms37
Goop
Cat valium
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
What do the drugs look like?
• GHB has a few forms: a liquid
with no odor or color,
white powder, and pill.
• Rohypnol is a pill and dissolves in liquids. New pills
turn blue when added to liquids.
• Ketamine is a white powder.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
What effects do these drugs have on the
body?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
GHB can cause these problems:
Relaxation
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Nausea
Problems seeing
Unconsciousness (black out)
Seizures
• Can't remember what
happened while drugged
• Problems breathing
• Tremors
• Sweating
• Vomiting
• Slow heart rate
• Dream-like feeling
• Coma
• Death
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
ROHYPNOL
• Rohypnol can cause these
problems:
• Can't remember what
happened while drugged
• Lower blood pressure
• Sleepiness
• Muscle relaxation or loss of
muscle control
• Drunk feeling
• Nausea
• Problems talking
• Difficulty with motor
movements
• Loss of consciousness
• Confusion
• Problems seeing
• Dizziness
• Confusion
• Stomach problems
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
KETAMINE
•
• Hallucinations
•
• Lost sense of time and identity •
• Distorted perceptions of sight •
and sound
•
• Feeling out of control
•
• Impaired motor function
•
• Problems breathing
•
•
Convulsions
Vomiting
Out of body experiences
Memory problems
Dream-like feeling
Numbness
Loss of coordination
Aggressive or violent behavior
Slurred speech
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Are these drugs legal in the United States?
• Rohypnol is NOT legal in the U.S. It is legal in Europe
and Mexico and prescribed for sleep problems and as
an anesthetic (medicine given during surgery so you
don't feel pain).
• Ketamine is legal in the U.S. for use as an anesthetic
for humans and animals. It is mostly used on animals.
• GHB was recently made legal in the U.S to treat
problems from narcolepsy (a sleep problem).
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
How can I protect myself from being a
victim?
• Don't accept drinks from other people.
• Open containers yourself.
• Keep your drink with you at all times, even when you
go to the bathroom.
• Don't share drinks.
• Don't drink from punch bowls or other large, common,
open containers.
• Don't drink anything that tastes or smells strange.
Sometimes, GHB tastes salty.
• Have a non-drinking friend with you to make sure
nothing happens.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
The Impact of Drugs on the Brain
• Drugs contain chemicals that change the way
nerve cells in the brain send, receive, and process
information
• Many drugs cause the brain to release abnormally
large amounts of dopamine
• Larger and larger amounts of the drug are
required to achieve the same good feelings
• This contributes to drug abuse
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Drug Abuse
• People who abuse drugs
often experience many
negative health
consequences
– Engaging in unsafe behaviors
– Contracting an infectious
disease
– Being involved in an accident
– Overdosing
shutterstock.com/Tom Wang
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Critical Thinking
Drug Abuse
Besides health problems,
what are some other
negative consequences of
drug abuse?
shutterstock.com/Marjan Apostolovic
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Lesson 11.3
Drug Abuse and
Addiction
Drug Addiction
• A chronic disease that
involves ongoing use of
a drug regardless of
harmful effects
– Physical addiction: the
body requires the drug
to function normally
– Psychological addiction:
feeling an intense need
or desire for a drug
shutterstock.com/Alexander Raths
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Risk Factors for Drug Abuse
• A person’s genetic makeup is
related to drug addiction
• Self-medicating puts people
at risk of developing drug
addictions
• Drug use at an early age
makes a person more likely
to become addicted
• A person’s environment has
an impact on his or her
attitude toward drugs
shutterstock.com/auremar
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Strategies for Refusing Drugs
• Knowing how to
respond and what to
say if someone offers
you drugs can help
you avoid them
• Let others know that
you expect them to
respect your decision
to not try drugs
shutterstock.com/Photographee.eu
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
The Broader Impact of Drugs
• The problems of drug
abuse negatively impact
friends and family
• Drug abuse is costly for
society
–
–
–
–
thinkstock.com/Fuse
Healthcare costs
Criminal system costs
Unemployment
Homelessness
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Prevention of Drug Abuse
• Drug addiction is a
preventable disease
• People who never try
drugs cannot abuse
them
• Educating people
about the hazards of
drug use can help
prevent drug abuse
shutterstock.com/karen roach
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Think Further
What types of programs are available to help
treat drug abuse and addiction?
–
–
–
–
–
Residential treatment programs
Outpatient treatment programs
Skills-training programs
Support groups
Sober living communities
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Helping Those Addicted to Drugs
• Express your concern
• Offer to help the person
find help
• Attend a meeting of a
group that provides
support to relatives and
friends
• Give the person the
number of a help hotline
shutterstock.com/ValentinT
shutterstock.com/Syda Productions
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.