Transcript 100 YEAR`S WAR - Marion County Public Schools

UNIT ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How does a culture evolve through times of
adversity?
LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How did the church play a vital role in medieval life?
During MA Roman Catholic Church controlled W.
Europe spiritual and also a secular-worldly
force.
Church officials linked closely to secular rulers.
Some even be nobles with lands and armies.
MEDIEVAL CHURCH HIERARCHY
Some people chose to lead a religious life in
monasteries or convents.- Monks
530AD Benedict (monk) set up rules for monks.
• THE MONK’S LIFE WORKSHEET
Popes claimed papal supremacy God’s rep on
earth.
Church law called Canon Law.
Disobey the Cannon (Church) Law and you will
lose your right to sacrament and be denied
Christian Burial- excommunication.
Church only place where learning was
happening.
Church becoming a larger power in Medieval
Europe
WORKSHEET THE COMET AS AN OMEN
THE CRUSADES AND THE WIDER
WORLD
Crusades- series of wars between Christians and
Muslims.
Destructive but opened a wider world to
Europeans and increased the pace of change.
Not a war of religion but a pilgrimage with warlike tendencies.
CRUSADES GOALS
TAKE BACK JERUSLAM
REUNITE CHRISTENDOM
The Crusades ("Eyes Without a Face"
by Billy Idol) - YouTube
1st Crusade took lands including Jerusalem and
developed 4 Crusaders states ruled by European
nobles.
2nd Crusade tried to get it back and failed.
1187 Kurdish leader, Saladin took back
Jerusalem.
3rd Crusade Richard Lion-hearted of England
tried to take it back.
Compromise pilgrims could come and visit city
but would remain under Muslim control.
1204 4th Crusade a big mess.
Spanish Crusade 1100s-1492 drove
out Muslims in Spain. Ferdinand and
Isabella took last city in 1492 and
used Inquisition to solidify their
position.
Effects of Crusades
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Gave women more power
Expanded trade in Europe
Weakened Papal power
Weakened noble’s power
Increased King’s power
Muslims and Christians still at odds
BIG ISSUES
BLACK DEATH
100 YEARS WAR
BLACK DEATH
Bubonic Plague caused by fleas on rats
Spread from Asia to Middle East to Europe
People turn to magic and witchcraft
People flee cities or hide in homes
Christians blame Jews.
RESULTS OF PLAGUE
1/3 to ½ of pop died
Productions declines
Inflation
Peasants revolt
Black Death ("Hollaback Girl" by Gwen
Stefani) - YouTube
PLAGUE VICTIMS
100 YEAR’S WAR (1337-1453)
English kings want to keep French lands by taking
French throne. (Edward III and Philip VI)
French kings want to extend their power and drive
out English. Philip takes Aquitaine when Edward
won’t pay feudal homage to him.
Both want control of English Channel.
Both want to control trade.
England wins battles with new type of
bow called longbow
Joan of Arc leads french armies
Joan’s execution rallies French
Horrible Histories Joan Of Arc Song – YouTube
Horrible Histories - Joan d'Arc - YouTube
RESULTS OF 100 YEARS WAR
French monarchs grow stronger
English parliament gains power over their
money.
English turn to trading ventures
Castles and knights cannot stand up to cannon
and long bow
Medieval Lego knights defending the
castle - YouTube
Monarchs need armies not feudal lords.
UNIT ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How does a culture evolve through times of
adversity?
LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How did the combination of famine, plague,
disunion in the church and war effect Europe?
• The Dark Ages...How Dark Were They, Really?:
Crash Course World History #14 – YouTube
To sum up what you need…
Feudalism developed in Europe in response to
the need for protection from outside invasion.
•
Local lords divided their landholdings among
vassals.
•
These vassals pledged service and loyalty to the
lord for a fief.
Obligations of the lord
Obligations of the vassal
•Protect the vassal
•Grant the vassal
a fief, or estate
•Pledge loyalty to the lord
•Provide the lord with
40 days of military service per
year
•Provide money payments and
advice
Feudal society in Japan
was very hierarchical
during this age.
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Noblewomen lost status
and inheritance was
limited to sons in this
period.
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Peasants, artisans, and
merchants were at the
bottom of the ladder,
under the samurai.
The plague was spread by fleas carried by rats.
When plague
struck, normal
life broke down.
People fled cities,
hid in their
homes, turned to
witchcraft, and
blamed Jews.
Economies
failed as the
cost of labor
soared and
inflation
occurred.
People
revolted
and social
unrest
became
the norm
for 100
years.
• The plague created upheaval in the Church
• Between a third to half of Europe’s population
died because of the plague.
•
Crusades – a series of wars in which Christians
battled Muslims for control of lands in the Middle
East
• In the 1050s, Muslim Turks invaded the
Byzantine empire.
• Pope Urban II urged bishops and nobles to fight the
Turks.
• “God wills it!” roared the assembly, and the Crusades
began.
• Some were driven by religious zeal, others by a thirst
for adventure. Some hoped to win land and wealth.
• The Crusades were not very successful
for Europeans.
Section
5
Effects of the Crusades
They left a bitter legacy of religious hatred.
European economies expanded as trade increased
and the use of money became more common.
The power of monarchs increased.
A wider worldview developed, and some
Europeans set off on a new age of exploration.
A Time of Crisis
Emperors would clash with the Church for
power and control.
Control of the
emperor’s
vassals was
important.
The real rulers of
the German lands
were these nobles
and Church officials.
• Who would get to appoint bishops? The pope or
the emperor?
• The Church reached the height of its political power
in the 1200s.
Section
5
Daily life in the village revolved around
the Church.
By the 1100s,
communities
had built large
cathedrals to
glorify God.
The church
was the largest
public building
in the village.
A Time of Crisis