Transcript Operating systems ppt

Operating Systems
Computer Technology
Created by M. Guymon
Pleasant Grove High School
Spring 2003
Modified by M. Corbett
Lehi Junior High
Summer 2010
Development of computers
1st Generation computers

Used vacuum tubes.


Vacuum tubes are electronic devices that control the flow of
electrons.
Had no operating systems.

Used custom application programs (hardwired) which were made
for the specific task that the computer was to perform.

Instructions were necessary for every aspect of the computing job.
2nd Generation computers

Used transistors.


Transistors performed
functions similar to vacuum
tubes, but they were smaller,
cheaper, less power-hungry,
and more reliable.
Ran programming languages.

Used English like commands
rather than binary numbers.
 Made it possible to develop
software.
3rd Generation computers


Used integrated circuits.
Minicomputers were introduced.

Smaller and more powerful than 1st and 2nd generation
computers. Had the ability to run multiple programs for multiple
users simultaneously. (terminals)
4th Generation computers

Used general-purpose microprocessors.
 Computer
systems were smaller, faster, and less
expensive than 3rd generation computers.
Operating System Software
Master controller for all that takes place
within a computer.
 Interacts with application software, device
drivers, and hardware to manage a
computer’s resources.
 Ensures that input and output proceed in
an orderly manner.

Operating System Software
Mac OS is an
Operating system
Windows is an
Operating system
Platform
Underlying hardware and software of the
computer system.
 Two popular platforms for personal
computers

– (IBM compatible)
 Mac – (Apple Computers)
 PC
GUI (Graphical User Interface)
A type of user interface that features onscreen objects, such as menus and icons,
manipulated by a mouse.
 Abbreviation is pronounced “gooey”.
 Replaced the Command Interface (MSDOS)

Example – to rename a file
Rename c:\letters\home\moneyned.doc c:\letter\home\moneyFeb.doc
Multitasking
An important feature of today’s operating
systems is the capability of running more
than one program at a time.
 The operating system makes sure that the
instructions and data from one area of
memory don’t interfere with memory
allocated for other programs.

Definitions important to GUI
Operating Systems

Drive
A
location on a network that is set aside for the
collection of data.

Folder
 The
subdirectory or subdivision, of a drive that can
contain files or other folders.

File
A
named collection of data that exists on a storage
medium.
Definitions important to GUI
Operating Systems

Icon
 Small
pictograms that are used to represent shortcuts
to a program or file.

Menu
 An
on-screen list of alternatives or commands.
Resources
Parsons, June Jamrich, and Dan Oja.
Computer Concepts. Boston: Course
Technology - Thompson Learning, 2002.