Transcript History and Future of IT

Intro to MIS
MGMT 661 Management Information Systems
Summer 2012 - Dannelly
1st Meeting
Tonight's Agenda
1)
Syllabus
• course objectives
• graded work
2)
History and Future of Computing
3)
IS in Business
• chapters 1 and 2
What do you know?

What is a CRM?

Is IT moving to "The Cloud?"

What is "net neutrality"?

Is telecommuting an effective business
practice?

Does a customer have a legal right to
privacy?
Dannelly's Short History
of Computing
Charles Babbage
(1791-1871)

Math Tables Problem

Difference Engine and Analytical Engines
◦ Abilities





add
subtract
loop
conditional branch
etc…
◦ instructions and data
on punched cards
Harvard Mark 1
mechanical
 completed in 1943
 used to compute artillery tables
 instructions on paper tape
 storage = 72 registers

Digital Electronics 101
circuits are a series of "gates" or switches
 gates can perform AND, OR, NOT, etc
 Example - Half Adder:

XOR
AND
Apple's iPad uses the
A4 system chip with
177 million transistors
First Generation

based on vacuum tubes

ENIAC
◦ 1946 - Univ of Pennsylvania
◦ base 10, not binary
◦ programmed via wires

UNIVAC
◦ 1951
◦ first commercial machine
Second Generation
based on transistors
 1955-1964
 FORTRAN and COBOL

The IBM 1401 Mainframe leased for
about $2500 per month in 1960.
This IBM 1301 Disk Storage Unit
held 2.8 MB of data.
Lease = $2100 per month
Third Generation
based on Integrated Circuits
 mainframes and minicomputers

◦ IBM 360
 1964
 equally suited for business or science
 from 8K to 8M of memory
Fourth Generation
based on VLSI
 microcomputers

◦ IBM PC released in 1981
Fifth Generation

has not officially happened yet
maybe it was the internet-ization of every
device
 maybe it was mobile-ization of every
device, thanks to Lithium-Ion batteries
allowing smaller devices

http://postmediavancouversun.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/0312.pc_and_non_pc_sales.jpg
Computers Sold Annually
www.pegasus3d.com/total_share.html
Moore's Law
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Transistor_Count_and_Moore%27s_Law_-_2008.svg
Stages of a New Technology
becoming Viable
1.
2.
3.
4.
Critical Price
Critical Mass
Displacement of Another Technology
Nearly Free
Example : Voice Over IP
1.
2.
3.
4.
high speed internet connection cost less $
over 20% of households get high speed
international calls made over internet
talking to someone in India near free via Skype
http://www.ted.com/talks/chris_anderson_of_wired_on_tech_s_long_tail.html
Near Future:
The Cloud

Cloud computing refers to the on-demand provision of
computational resources (data, software) via a
computer network, rather than from a local computer.
-- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
Possible Future :
Quantum Computing

Classical Mechanics
• an object in motion stays in motion blah blah

Quantum Mechanics
• a particle can be in two places at once
• two particles can be "entangled" regardless of distance or time
• there are parallel universes

Quantum Computer
•
•
•
•
•
•
based on Qubits
can be 1, or 0, or 1 and 0 at the same time
computational complexity is no longer relevant
data transfer would be instant
very good at decoding encrypted messages
Oxford has an 8 qubit computer
So what?

What trends do you see in that history?
smaller, cheaper, more smart devices used
for more things
2. moving from Mainframes to PCs to Cloud
1.

So what does that mean for the future?
◦ consumers?
◦ businesses?
 as of May 2010, Apple is worth more than Microsoft
Information Systems
in Business
(Chapters 1 and 2)