Transcript Asian Independence 15

ASIAN INDEPENDENCE
Post World War II
ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
• How are the countries of Southern and Southwest
Asia similar and different?
INDIA
INDIAN HISTORY
• India is one of the 4
oldest civilizations in
history.
• Home of Hinduism &
Buddhism
– Belief in Reincarnation
• Hindu Caste System:
reward or punishment
for previous life
– Untouchables—people
without caste
MUSLIM CONQUEST OF INDIA
• Introduced Islam to
India
– Shah Jahan Build Taj
Mahal
• Hindu population were
sometimes
discriminated against
• Sikhs combined
religious ideas from
Hinduism and Islam
BRITISH IMPERIAL INDIA
• 1750’s British East
India Trading
Company
• 1857 Sepoy Mutiny
• 1886 Indian National
Congress began fight
for Indian
Independence
MOHANDAS K. GANDHI
• 1869-1948
• 1893-1915 fought
passport system in
South Africa
• 1930 Salt March
• 1947 India became
independent
“Live simply so that others can simply live.”
INDIA & PAKISTAN
NEHRU
JINNAH
• Prime Minister 19471964
• Modernized
India
• Equality for
women &
untouchables
• Died 1 year after Pakistan
became independent
PROBLEMS FACING MODERN INDIA
• Overpopulation:
Birth Control
• Green Revolution
tripled food
production
• Religious conflict:
Hindus, Muslims,
Sikhs
• Political
Assassination
BANGLADESH
• East Pakistan not treated
equal
• 1971 independent from
Pakistan
• Modern secularism
• Monsoon Flooding
PROBLEMS FACING PAKISTAN
• Benazir Bhutto
elected 1988,
assassinated 2007
• Growing threat of
Islamic extremists
including Taliban &
Al Qaeda
• Pakistan Nuclear
Weapons Program
SWAT VALLEY
• .
• .
MYANMAR
• Military
dictatorship
• Aung San Suu Kyi
• Non-violent civil
disobedience
• Won Noble Peace
Prize
• Under house
arrest for last 14
years
B2 STOPPED HERE ON 5/6
B3 and B4 Keep Going
ARAB ISRAELI CONFLICT
ISRAEL, 1949
PALESTINIAN REFUGEES
SUEZ CRISIS - 1956
• Nasser began modern
Islamic & Arab Nationalism
Gamal Abdul Nasser
President of
Egypt
Six-Day War (1967)
• Israel gained
– West Bank (Jordan)
– Golan Heights
(Syria)
– Sinai (Egypt)
B3 & B4 STOPPED HERE ON 5/6
Palestine Liberation Organization
•Yassir Arafat fought
for a nation for
Palestinians within the
nation of Israel
Camp David Accords (1979)
• Peace between Israel & Egypt
President
Anwar Sadat
of Egypt
President
Jimmy Carter
of the U. S.
Prime Minister
Menachem Begin
Of Israel
Palestinian Intifada (1987-1993)
• Uprising within Israel
• Can the
Palestinians
& Israelis
live in peace?
GROUP INSTRUCTIONS
• Take turns reading the timeline aloud.
• Mark each date as –P (Palestinians are to blame)
or –I (Israelis are to blame); or B for both or N for
neither.
• Decide who you think is most to blame in the
conflict—the Arabs or Israelis.
• List the factual details that support your choice.
IRAN
.
Shah of Iran (r. 1941 – 1977)
 Institutes Western
reforms.
 Majority of
his people live in
poverty.
 Brutal suppression of
dissidents
Q5
AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI LED REVOLUTION
IRANIAN HOSTAGE CRISIS
• 1979-1981
• American Embassy
held hostage
52 Americans Held Hostage for
444 Days!
AFGHANISTAN
TALIBAN
• Islamic Fundamentalist Group
• Gave refuge to Osama Bin Laden & al Qaeda in
2001
• Mistreat women
TERMS
• Sharpeville Massacre: in 1960, police gunned
down 69 peaceful protesters in a black township;
beginning of violence in South Africa
• Soweto: site of 1980’s student protest movement
in South Africa