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Global Health Care
Zohra, Allison, Julie, and Renee
RN to BSN Program
Health Science Division
PAKISTAN
Introduction Country/
Healthcare System/ Life
Expectancy Rates
WHO Rank/ Expenditure per
capita
•WHO ranking 122 of 190.
• 2.7% of GDP (2012) is spent on
Health Care in Pakistan.
•To compare Pakistan’s spending, the
United States’ Total expenditure on
health as % of GDP (2012) is 17.9.
Top 3 Non-communicable
Diseases
•The top non-communicable diseases
in Pakistan are cardiovascular
diseases, mental health conditions,
and injuries. Recently, respiratory
diseases, diabetes, and cancer have
been increasing.
Top 3 Communicable Diseases
•Pakistan is the sixth most populous
country (185 million people) in the
world.
• 64% of its population live in rural
areas and 43% are illiterate.
•Life expectancy at birth m/f (years,
2012) 64/66.
•Pakistan has a multi-tiered and mixed
health care system.
•Their primary care system is not well
programmed for preventative
services.
•78.08% of the population pays out of
pocket at the point of health care.
• The private sector provides threequarters of the health services, and
physicians outnumber nurses and
midwives by a ratio of about 2:1.
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•The major communicable diseases in
Pakistan are malaria, tuberculosis, and
measles.
•Pakistani’s who cannot get proper
immunization, shelter, and hygiene
are more likely to contract Malaria.
•The main risk factors for Tuberculosis
are malnutrition and unhygienic
foods.
•Malnutrition is mostly prevalent in
the rural and poverty stricken regions
of Pakistan.
Interesting Facts about NCD in
Pakistan From the WHO
•24.3% of people over the age of 18
have hypertension.
•25% of people over age 40 have
coronary artery disease.
•34% of people in Pakistan suffer from
depression. Rates of depression in
women there are twice as high as in
men.
•NCD account for 59% of the disease
burden, 41% are from communicable
diseases and other factors.
Unique Health Practices
•Pakistan is a country rich in culture,
which plays a role in many of its health
practices .
•Autopsy is not encouraged because it
is considered disrespectful to the
body, especially the female body.
•Many Pakistani patients will avoid
taking medications from sunrise to
sunset during the month of Ramadan
(June).
Conclusions
•Pakistan is a country with a
fragmented health care system. There
is a high burden of both
communicable and noncommunicable diseases. Challenges
facing this country in improving
health care outcomes include poverty,
lack of education, and underfunding.
•Priorities for improving outcomes in
Pakistan set by the WHO include
improvements to policy making,
service delivery, immunizations, and
disease prevention.
References
International Centre for Migration Health and Development . (2013, May 8).
Addressing the Burden of Infectious Diseases in Pakistan. Retrieved April 28,
2015, from ICMHD's Blog:
https://icmhd.wordpress.com/2013/08/05/addressing-the-burden-ofinfectious-diseases-in-pakistan/
Nishtar, S., Bhutta, Z. A., Jafar, T. H., Ghaffar, A., Akhtar, T., Bengali, K., et al.
(2013). Health Reform in Pakistan: A Call to Action. The Lancet , 381, 22912297.
The World Bank. (2011, February). NCDs Policy Brief-Pakistan. Retrieved April
27, 2015, from World Bank Web site:
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SOUTHASIAEXT/Resources/2235461296680097256/7707437-1296680114157/NCD_PK_Policy_Feb_2011.pdf
World Health Organization. (2013, May). Country Cooperation Strategy at a
Glance. Retrieved April 27, 2015, from World Health Organization Web site:
http://www.who.int/countryfocus
World Health Organization. (2015). World Health Organization Pakistan.
Retrieved April 27, 2015, from World Health Organization Web site:
http://www.who.int/countries/pak/en/
World Health Organization. (2014). World Health Statistics 2014. WHO Press.