Transcript WHPP Unit 2 Section 2 Rise of Islam

Rise of Islam
Unit 2 Section 2
TYWL: How do religions influence political power and
create cultural unity in European Regions?
I can: identify how all religions are similar. I can trace &
give examples of how beliefs influence actions.
Question of the Day 8
How did Pericles influence the functioning of
Athenian government?
1) He introduced representative democracy.
2) He expanded direct democracy to new
classes of free men.
3) He increased the salaries of government
officials.
4)He greatly strengthened the authority of
military leaders in society.
Muhammad Became the Prophet of
Islam
 Angel Gabriel messenger of God.
 Mecca to Medina
 630 Muhammad returned to Mecca &
rededicated the Kaaba to Allah.
 Died in 632.
Teachings of Islam
 Arabian Peninsula
 Monotheistic
 5 duties Five Pillars:
 Faith
daily prayer
fasting during Ramadan
Charity
hajj, or pilgrimage to
Mecca
(jihad or effort in God’s
service it may include acts
of charity/an inner struggle)
Quran
Belief in the same
God as the Jews &
Christians.
 Final & complete
revelation from God
Islam as a Way of
Life
 Islamic system of
law, called Sharia,
regulated moral
conduct.
 Unlike the West, it
does not separate
religious matters from
criminal or civil law.
Spread of Islam: Causes and Effects
 How were the Muslims able to conquer
so many lands?
People in the Fertile Crescent welcomed Arab
conquerors as liberators.
 Common faith
Islam Spreads
 Immediate Effects
Centers of learning flourish in Cairo & Córdoba
 Long-Term Effects
Est. trade network
Split b/w Sunni & Shiites
Movements Within Islam
 Muhammad’s death
 Abu Bakr Mohammad’s father-in-law first
caliph.
SUNNI
 caliph, chosen by
leaders of the Muslim
community (sunna).
 Majority of Muslims today.
SHIITES
Named after shi’at
Ali, followers of Ali
Believed that only
descendents,
called Imams, of
Muhammad could
become caliph.
The Umayyads and the Abbassids
 golden age in Muslim civilization.
UMAYYADS
In 731-32 moved into France,
stopped by the Franks at the
Battle of Tours.
ruled until 750
Success based on:
Common faith
Allowed other people to practice
their religion, but had to pay a
special tax.
Prohibited looting
ABBASSIDS
Lasted until 1258
Greatest wealth & power
 Golden age
al-Mansur created the capital of Baghdad
Decline of the Muslim Empire
 Around 850, the empire fragmented.
 900s, Seljuk Turks invaded By 1055 a Seljuk sultan, or
ruler, controlled Baghdad,.
 1099 Christian crusaders captured Jerusalem.
 1200s and 1300s, Mongol invaders