Transcript 5 Pillars of Islam

The World of Islam
Chapter 26, pages 569-575
5 Pillars of Islam
• 1- Faith: Profess belief in Allah (God)
• 2- Prayer: 5 times a day facing Mecca
• 3- Charity to the needy
• 4- Fasting: 1 month during daylight
(Ramadan)
• 5- Pilgrimage to Mecca (Called the hajj)
– Once in one’s lifetime
– Must have the health and wealth to do so
Muhammad: Final
and most important
prophet of Islam;
NOT God
Mosque: Muslim
house of worship, which
are also meeting places
and centers of study
Islamic Beliefs
• Islam means submission
• Ethics: Expectations for
tolerance, equality, and honor
• The Qur'an: Holy book
– Contains God’s words as
told to Muhammad
– Absolute authority
for Muslim law/life
Division of Islam
• Caliph: Leader of the Muslim state
(Muhammad’s [570-632] successor)
• Controversy over Caliph split Islam into 2
groups (660s)
– Sunni Muslim: Any good Muslim male can be
Caliph
– Shiite (Shia) Muslim: Only Muhammad’s
male descendants can be Caliph
Golden Age of Islamic Civilization
• 700s-1300s
• Wealth from trade and commerce helped to make it possible
• Advances in learning
– Translation of ancient works into Arabic
– Arabic numerals, algebra
– Improved tools for astronomical observation
– Advancements in optics
– Hospitals with adjoining medical schools and libraries
• Treatment was free to all citizens.
– Used anesthesia
P571: How is Islam similar to
Judaism and Christianity?
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
• Similarities:
• All are monotheistic
• All have a house of worship (synagogue, church,
mosque)
• All believe that they are the specific chosen people
• All pray
• All have a specific set of rules (10 Commandments
and 5 Pillars)
• All have had wars in the name of the religion
• Each religion has different factions
• All originated in the Middle East