Transcript Korea ch 12 sec 3x - wilsonworldhistory1213

Geography
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Peninsula just south/east of China
70%= Low, steep mountains
Western coastal regions = major farming
Coastline- 5400 miles, hundreds of good
harbors = port cities
• Location near China = Korea is influenced by
China
Dynasties
• Silla Dynasty (668-935)
• Koryo (935-1392)
• Choson or Yi ( 1392-1910)
Silla
– Korea prospered & the arts flourished;
– Buddhism grew to be a powerful forcehundreds of temples were built;
– Chinese culture, language & politics- imp.
Influences on this dynasty;
– Medicine, astronomy, metal casting sculpture &
textile manufacturing reached high levels
– Set up National Confucian Academy to train high
officials
Koryo Dynasty
• The modern Korea comes from this dynasty’s
name
• Confucianism & Buddhism both influential
• Woodblock printing = many Buddhist texts
• Took the Chinese invention & had moveable
type
• Learned to make porcelain from China =
Celadon ( porcelain w. an unusual blue-green
glaze)
Choson or Yi
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Last & longest-lived of the 3 dynasties
Reduced Buddhist influence
Set up govt based on Confucian principles
King Sejong- Replaced complicated system of
writing w. Hangul (Korean pheonetic
alphabet) = led to extremely high literacy rate
• Japanese invaded- stole Korean artisans- took
them back to Japan to learn Korean art in
Japan
Arts & Learning
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Arts & Learning from China
Woodblock printing & moveable type
Celadon porcelain
Complex Chinese writing replaced by Hangul
High literacy rate
Government
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United w. help of Tang China
Tributary state
Confucian principles of gov’t modified
Restricted role of women
Civil service exams for aristocrats only
Invasions
• Han emperor (China) Wudi- 108 BC
• Mongols in 1231
• Japanese – 1590s