Transcript India PowerPoint - Warren County Schools

Vocabulary (Pgs 194 - 216)
Himalayas
Brahman
Dynasty
Monsoons
Reincarnation
Stupa
Sanskrit
Dharma
Pilgrim
Raja
Karma
Caste
Buddhism
Guru
Nirvana
Hinduism
Theocracy
First Civilizations
The first Indian civilizations
started along the Indus and the
Ganges Rivers.
- What river did Egypt’s
civilization begin?
- What about Mesopotamia?
- How about China?
- What do we call these places
where civilizations begin near a
river?
Caste System
A caste is something you’re born into and cannot
change. This system decided who you would
marry, hang out with, and and what type of job you
could have.
1500-400 B.C Aryans
Arrived in northern India
Extended family lived together and the oldest male was
in charge.
Only sons could inherit property.
Young wealthy boys had a guru (teacher) until they went
to school
Could not marry until until you completed 12 years of
schools (90% of marriages arranged-still this way today).
Divorce was not allowed but if your wife could not have
children you could have 2 wives.
Cattle was a prized possession.
Sanskrit-written form of their language
Aryans groups were divided into tribes and each tribe
had it’s own RAJA = prince.
Cremation (burning) was a popular form of burial.
When a wealthy man died, the wife was suppose to
throw herself into the burning flame with her beloved,
and if she did not she would be shamed (ignored) for
the rest of her life
1st civilization with indoor plumbing.
Hinduism
3rd largest religion in the World
Believed that deities controlled forces of nature
Brahman was their universal spirit.
Believed in reincarnation & that you would have many
lives before you were united with Brahman.
Dharma - If you did your duty & you were happy about
doing it, then this would help you to be reincarnated into
a better caste system.
Karma - If you were good then good things would
happen and if you were bad then bad things would
happen to you.
Buddhism 600 B.C.
Ordinary Hindus wanted a simpler life. They also felt that Hindu priest were more
concerned about their temples /ceremonies then peoples needs
Prince Siddhartha Gautama - had everything (wealth, good looks, beautiful wife,
son). One day he left the palace & saw suffering all around him. He wanted to find
out how his peoples suffering could be cured. Meditated for 49 days and almost
died from starvation.
Siddhartha becomes the
Buddha!
Finally, he learned that if you gave up
worldly possessions (fame, money)
sorrow would vanish.
Spent 40 years traveling and sharing
his teachings.
He became known as the Buddha which means “the enlightened one”.
Dalai Lama - Leader who headed the
government, people believed he was
Buddha reincarnated.
Empires of India
500 B.C. Persia
327 B.C. Alexander the Great
321 B.C. Maurya Dynasty (empire)
No one specific ruler for 500 years
320 A.D. Gupta Dynasty
Maurya Dynasty
Good Government
Good Army
Had spies to avoid
rebellion
Set up postal
system
Asoka the warrior
The Stupa at Sanchi
King Asoka - Mauryan Dynasty
Asoka was a warrior who hated blood shed.
He dedicated his life to peace and to the following of
Buddhist beliefs.
Set up hospitals for people and animals.
Built roads with shades area were people could rest.
Built Stupas - shrines.
Sent Buddhist teachers all over India to teach beliefs.
Very prosperous when King Asoka died his empire
grew very weak
Gupta Dynasty
Grew Wealthy from trade. Traded with China and other
countries
They were Hindu’s
Golden Age for Arts and Learning
Pilgrims are people who use trade routes to travel to
religious shrines
Contributions
- Astronomy
- Set bones/performed operations
- Invented old coins & metal mirrors
- Math, came up with the concept for infinity and zero.