Transcript VOLCANO SINABUNG ON NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA ERUPTS

VOLCANO SINABUNG ON
NORTH SUMATRA,
INDONESIA ERUPTS
November 3, 2013
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, Vienna,
Virginia, USA
MOUNT SINABUNG:
NOV. 3, 2013
UNTIL AUGUST, 2010,
SINABUNG HAD BEEN
INACTIVE FOR 400 YEARS
The August eruption led to an
evacuation of 30,000 people
SEPTEMBER 2013 ERUPTION
• An eruption in September 2013
also prompted an evacuation--about 3,500 villagers lining within
3 km of the volcano.
OCTOBER 2013 ERUPTION
• Another eruption on October 24th also
prompted an evacuation of about 3,500
villagers lining within 2-3 km of the
volcano.
WHAT HAPPENED
NOVEMBER 3RD
• The 8,530-foot-high mountain erupted
early on Sunday, November 3rd,
sending a vertical ash plume 7,000 feet
into the air.
• This eruption prompted an evacuation
of 1,500 people living within 3 km of the
volcano.
INDONESIAN AUTHORITIES
HAVE NOW INCREASED
THE ALERT LEVEL
UNDERSTANDING
EXPLOSIVE VOLCANOES
INDONESIA
INDONESIA’S VOLCANOES
VOLCANOES
PART OF THE PACIFIC “RING OF FIRE,”
INDONESIA HAS 127 ACTIVE VOLCANOES
AS A RESULT OF COMPLEX SUBDUCTION
OF THE INDO-AUSTRALIA AND
EURASIATECTONIC PLATES
542 OF THE 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES
ARE LOCATED IN “RING OF FIRE”
VOLCANO HAZARDS
CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
• VERTICAL PLUME (can affect
jet aircraft)
• ASH AND TEPHRA
• LATERAL BLAST
• PYROCLASTIC CLOUDS,
BURSTS, AND FLOWS
VOLCANO HAZARDS
CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
• LAVA FLOWS
• LAHARS (can bury villages)
• EARTHQUAKES (related to
movement of lava)
• “VOLCANIC WINTER” (causing
famine and mass extinctions)
CAUSES
OF RISK
LATERAL BLAST
PYROCLASTIC FLOWS
FLYING DEBRIS
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
CASE HISTORIES
VOLCANIC ASH
LAVA FLOWS
LAHARS
TOXIC GASES
VOLCANO RISK
•VOLCANO HAZARDS
•PEOPLE & BLDGS.
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
INDONESIA’S
GOAL: VOLCANO
DISASTER RESILIENCE
COMMUNITIES
POLICY OPTIONS
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
• PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•EARLY WARNING
•EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•RECOVERY and
RECONSTRUCTION
TOWARDS DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION FOR VOLCANOES
RISK ASSESSMENT
• VULNERABILITY
• COST
• EXPOSURE
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
• EVENT
EXPECTED
LOSS
• BENEFIT
•CONSEQUENCES
POLICY ASSESSMENT
POLICY
ADOPTION
THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE:
1) KNOW THE ERUPTIVE HISTORY OF
YOUR REGION’S VOLCANOES,
2) BE PREPARED
3) HAVE A WARNING SYSTEM
4) EVACUATE
5) LEARN FROM THE
EXPERIENCE AND START OVER
MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES
AND WARNING SYSTEMS ARE
A VITAL PART OF BECOMING
RESILIENT
AIR AND LAND MONITORING
TECHNOLOGIES ARE VITAL
.