Transcript VOLCANO CHAPARRASTIQUE ERUPTS IN EL SALVADOR

VOLCANO
CHAPARRASTIQUE ERUPTS
IN EL SALVADOR
Sunday, December 29, 2013
Walter Hays, Global Alliance
for Disaster Reduction,
Vienna, Virginia, USA
EL SALVADOR IS LOCATED ON THE
“RING OF FIRE”
LOCATION MAP
CHAPARRASTIQUE ERUPTS
AGAIN: DEC. 29, 2013
The Chaparrastique
volcano, which is located in
the San Miguel municipality
about 140 km (87 miles) east
of San Salvador, the capital,
spewed ash over a wide
area known for its coffee
plantations.
The dense column of gas and
ash rose more than 5,000
meters (3 miles) into the air,
and debris was spread in a
radius of 10 kilometers
(6 miles) from the volcano
INITIAL IMPACTS
• No immediate reports of casualties
or injuries.
• Officials warned that wind could
carry smoke and ash from the
Chaparrastique to Tegucigalpa, the
capital of neighboring Honduras.
• Flights to and from El Salvador
were cancelled on Sunday.
After erupting 26 times in the
last 500 years, Chaparrastique
is considered the most active
of El Salvador’s 23 active
volcanoes.
RESCUE WORKERS
FACILITATING EVACUATIONS
SOME OF THE 1635 EVACUEES:
7 TEMPORARY SHELTERS
COPING WITH THE VOLCANIC
ASH
SOLDIERS MAINTAIN
SECURITY
VOLCANOES
VOLCANO HAZARDS
CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
• VERTICAL ASJ PLUME (can
affect jet aircraft)
• TEPHRA
• LATERAL BLAST
• PYROCLASTIC CLOUDS,
BURSTS, AND FLOWS
VOLCANO HAZARDS
CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
• LAVA FLOWS
• LAHARS (can bury villages)
• EARTHQUAKES (related to
movement of lava)
• “VOLCANIC WINTER” (causing
famine and mass extinctions)
CAUSES
OF RISK
LATERAL BLAST
PYROCLASTIC FLOWS
FLYING DEBRIS
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
CASE HISTORIES
VOLCANIC ASH
LAVA FLOWS
LAHARS
TOXIC GASES
VOLCANO RISK
•VOLCANO HAZARDS
•PEOPLE & BLDGS.
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
INDONESIA’S
GOAL: VOLCANO
DISASTER RESILIENCE
COMMUNITIES
POLICY OPTIONS
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
• PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•EARLY WARNING
•EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•RECOVERY and
RECONSTRUCTION
TOWARDS DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION FOR VOLCANOES
RISK ASSESSMENT
• VULNERABILITY
• COST
• EXPOSURE
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
• EVENT
EXPECTED
LOSS
• BENEFIT
•CONSEQUENCES
POLICY ASSESSMENT
POLICY
ADOPTION
THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE:
1) KNOW THE ERUPTIVE HISTORY OF
YOUR REGION’S VOLCANOES,
2) BE PREPARED
3) HAVE A WARNING SYSTEM
4) EVACUATE
5) LEARN FROM THE
EXPERIENCE AND START OVER
MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES
AND WARNING SYSTEMS ARE
A VITAL PART OF BECOMING
RESILIENT
INTEGRATED AIR AND LAND MONITORING
TECHNOLOGIES ARE VITAL
.