Transcript file
Classification
Why Classify
Show relationships between organisms
Based on similarities
Is a man-made system
First systems
Aristotle developed one of the first
Had 2 kingdoms
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Plants
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Green, no movement
Trees, shrubs, herbs (size and structure)
Animals
Not green, moves
Land, air, water (habitats)
Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Modern Taxonomy
Selected physical traits that show natural
relationships
Invented binomial nomenclature
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Two word name (scientific name)
Required to be in Latin
Composed of the genus and species
Grizzly bear Ursus arctos
Developed modern system of classification
Modern Classification system
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Example: Grizzly Bear
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Ursidae
Genus: Ursus
Species: Ursus arctos
5 major kingdoms
Plants
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Animals
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Heterotrophs, feed on dead/decaying matter, secrete enzymes to
aid in digestion ( mushrooms/yeast)
Protists
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Multicellular, heterotrophic, no cell walls, motile, very diverse
Fungi
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Multicellular, photosynthetic autotrophs, nonmotile, have cell walls
Eukaryotic, do not fit into other kingdoms, have the greatest variety
of organisms, share some traits with other kingdoms
Bacteria
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Eubacteria or archaebacteria
Three Domain System
Larger grouping than a kingdom
Domain Bacteria
Domain Archea
Domain Eukarya
Domain Bacteria
Unicellular, prokaryotic
Thick, rigid cell walls
Range from free-living soil organisms to
deadly parasites
Some need oxygen, others killed by oxygen
Domain Archae
Unicellular, prokaryotic
Live in very extreme conditions
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Volcanic hot springs
Brine pools
Organic mud – derived of oxygen
**many survive only in the absence of oxygen
Domain Eukarya
All organisms that have a nucleus
Contains the kingdoms:
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Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia