Transcript Classification

The Diversity of Life
Classification – based on
evolution and bone structure
Need for Classification:
• To study unity and diversity of living
things
• To make things easier to study
• Based on evolution and bone structure
Phylogenetic Tree
Background Vocabulary
• Heterotrophic Nutrition:
– organisms must obtain their own food
Autotrophic Nutrition
• Organisms can make their own food
– examples: chemosynthesis, photosynthesis
Multicellular organisms
• An organism made up of more than one
cell
Unicellular Organisms
• An organism made up of one cell
Euglena
Ameba
Paramecium
History of Classification
• Used to be 2 or 3 kingdoms
• Development of microscope changed that
Modern Classification System
Grouped into 5 Kingdoms (6)
• Plant
– Multicellular
– autotrophic (photosynthesis)
Animal
• -multicellular
• - heterotrophic (obtain food)
Monera
• Generally unicellular
• Some are heterotrophic, some are
autotrophic
• NO distinct nucleus/nuclear membrane
• MO NO
• Ex. Bacteria, blue-green algae
Protista
• Generally unicellular
• Some are heterotrophic, some are
autotrophic
• Have a distinct nucleus
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Ex. Ameba, paramecium, euglena
Fungi
• Heterotrophic
• Multicellular
• Digest and absorb nutrients from the
environment
• Ex. Mushrooms, yeast (only unicellular fungus)
Classification Song
• The monerans have another name it’s
bacteria
• The protists are unicellular like the
ameba
• Then we have the fungi like mushrooms,
mold and yeast
• And don’t forget the plants that can make
their own feast
• But animals they’re last not least, from
bugs to birds to hairy beasts
Taxonomy
• Division of biology that deals with the
classification and naming of living and
extinct organisms
Kingdom
Broadest – many organisms
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Scientific
Name
Most specific – 1 organism
Nomenclature – Scientific
Names
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Binomial Nomenclature – 2 names
Originated by Carolus Linnaeus
Names are in Latin
Italicized
First Name – Genus (Capitalized)
Second Name – Species
***In order to mate and produce fertile
offspring all groups must be identical
including the species
Name the Genus and Species for the
following:
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Felis domestica
Felis leo
Felis tigris
Homo sapiens
Homo erectus
Canis lupus
Canis domestica