Transcript Classification ppt Used in class

Diversity of Life
 Classification is
the grouping of
things according to internal and
external characteristics
 The
science of classifying
organisms is known as taxonomy
 Aristotle
grouped animals according
to the way they moved
◦ Walk
◦ Fly
◦ Swim
 HUGE
problem since birds and bees
were classified in the same group!
 Developed by
Linnaeus
 Two-name system
 Each organism has a genus and
a species name
 First name (genus); second
name (species)
 Combination of
the genus and
species name of an organism
 Scientific names of organisms
are always italicized or
underlined: (Genus is
capitalized & species name is
lower-case)
 Domain
 Order
 Kingdom
 Family
 Phylum
 Genus
 Class
 Species
D id
K ing
P hillip
C ome
O ver
F or
G ood
S oup
Domain
◦ Bacteria – (prokaryotic) no nucleus
 Unicellular
 Reproduce asexually by diving in two
 Come in 3 basic shapes
 rod, round and spiral
 Examples: strep, E. coli, salmonella
 Archaea – (prokaryotic) no nucleus
◦ Unicellular
◦ Different from any other form of life
chemically
◦ Can live in extreme conditions
 Thermophiles (heat)
 Halophiles (salt)
 Methanogens (methane)
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Eukarya – (eukaryotic) has nucleus
◦ Unicellular (protists and some fungi)
◦ Multicellular (plants, animals and some fungi)
◦ Have a nucleus
 Contain 4 kingdoms each with different
characteristics
 Protista
 Animalia
 Plantae
 Fungi
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Unicellular or very simple multicellular
Can be:
◦ Plant-like – autotrophs (producer)
 diatoms, algae, volvox, euglena
◦ Animal-like – heterotrophs (consumer)
 Ameba, paramecium, euglena
 Based on locomotion
 Cilia –little hairs (ciliates like the paramecium)
 flagellum(a) – whip like tail (flagellates like the
euglena)
 pseudopod(s -ia) –false feet (sarcodines like the ameba)
◦ Fungus-like – saprotrophs (decomposer)
 slime mold
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Multicellular
Very DIVERSE
Heterotrophs (consumers)
Examples: ox, people, bear, goose, octopus, narwhal,
fish, birds, insects, spiders and MANY MORE
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Multicellular
Autotrophs (producers)
Examples: trees, flowering, mosses, water plants
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Mostly multicellular except for yeast
Saprotrophs (decomposers)
3 main groups:
◦ Mushrooms
◦ Molds
◦ Yeasts are unicellular (single-celled)
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Can be harmful (cause diseases) or helpful (edible,
used to make food and medicine)