Transcript Human Blood Typing Lab

Human Blood Typing
Lab
Objective:
1. Apply blood typing method to determine the
blood type for a sample of synthetic human
blood
2. Describe the appearance of agglutinated blood.
3. Explain how to determine a human blood type.
4. Using data, determine the blood type for each
person.
Human Blood Typing Vocabulary
blood type = blood group - Any of several immunologically distinct,
genetically determined classes of human blood which are based on the presence
or absence of certain erythrocyte surface antigens (glycoproteins) and are
clinically identified by characteristic agglutination reactions; for blood
transfusion purposes, the ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most
important.
agglutinogen - An erythrocyte (RBC) surface antigen (immunologically
distinct, genetically determined glycoproteins) which may stimulate the
production of a particular specific agglutinin (antibody) in individuals lacking
that particular agglutinogen (antigen); e.g., the antigens involved in the ABO
and Rh blood group systems.
agglutinin - A molecule, such as an antibody, which is capable of causing
agglutination (clumping) of a particular antigen, especially red blood cells or
bacteria.
agglutination - The clumping together of red blood cells, or bacteria, or other
particulate/cellular antigens, usually in response to a specific antibody.
Blood contains antibodies in the liquid component,
plasma. The antibodies serve a protective function.
Why does Type AB blood have no antibodies.
Human ABO Blood Typing Explanation
“The Basis of Blood Typing”
Notice that the antibodies (Y-shaped structures)
attach to the red blood cells and then cause them to
stick together. If this is Type A, then the Y-shaped
structures are Anti-A serum (antibody A).
Results of Blood Typing Test After the Addition of Anti-serum
(antibody)
Sample
Anti-A
Anti-B
Anti-Rh
Blood
Type
Mr. Smith
Yes
No
Yes
A+
Mr. Jones
No
Yes
No
B-
Mr. Green
Yes
Yes
Yes
AB+
Ms.
Brown
No
No
No
O-
Yes = agglutination
No = no agglutination
Which sample(s) lacked the Rh antigen?
2. Which sample(s) lacks both A and B
antigens?
3. Which sample(s) contains only B
antibodies?
4. Which sample(s) contain no antibodies?
5. What type of blood Mr. Brown’s blood?
6. Who is the universal donor?
7. Could Mr. Jones give to Mr. Green?
1.
What do the results say?
The antigens on the donor’s red blood
cell must not react with the
antibodies in the receiver’s plasma.
Safe Blood Donation
Apply Your
Knowledge…..
Use your understanding
about blood typing to
explain what is
occurring in the figure
to the left, where it is
occurring and why it is
occurring.
Begin by identifying all
the labeled structures…
1. epitope
2. IgM
3. Bacterium
Why is this baby in danger?
Ertyhroblastosis Fetalis