Transcript Human Blood Typing Lab

Human Blood Typing
Lab
Objective:
1. Apply blood typing method to determine the
blood type for a sample of synthetic human
blood
2. Describe the appearance of agglutinated blood.
3. Explain how to determine a human blood type.
4. Using data, determine the blood type found at a
crime scene.
Human Blood Typing Vocabulary
blood type = blood group - Any of several immunologically distinct,
genetically determined classes of human blood which are based on the presence
or absence of certain erythrocyte surface antigens (glycoproteins) and are
clinically identified by characteristic agglutination reactions; for blood
transfusion purposes, the ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most
important.
agglutinogen - An erythrocyte (RBC) surface antigen (immunologically
distinct, genetically determined glycoproteins) which may stimulate the
production of a particular specific agglutinin (antibody) in individuals lacking
that particular agglutinogen (antigen); e.g., the antigens involved in the ABO
and Rh blood group systems.
agglutinin - A molecule, such as an antibody, which is capable of causing
agglutination (clumping) of a particular antigen, especially red blood cells or
bacteria.
agglutination - The clumping together of red blood cells, or bacteria, or other
particulate/cellular antigens, usually in response to a specific antibody.
Blood contains cells in the liquid component in the
plasma. The antibodies serve a protective function.
“The Basis of Blood Typing”
Notice that the antibodies (Y-shaped structures)
attach to the red blood cells and then cause them to
stick together. If this is Type A, then the Y-shaped
structures are Anti-A serum (antibody A).
This slide shows how blood
typing is done. A specific
anti-serum is added to a
blood sample. If it agglutinate,
it indicates the presence of the
antigen which is is how the
blood type is determined.
This sample agglutinated
after Anit-A serum added
But not with Anti-B serum.
Results of Blood Typing Test
Sample
Crime
Victim
Suspect 1
Suspect 2
Suspect 3
Suspect 4
Anti-A
Anti-B
Anti-Rh
Blood
Type
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Which sample(s) lacked the Rh antigen?
Which sample(s) lacks both A and B
antigens?
Which sample(s) contains only B
antibodies?
What type of blood is the crime scene
blood?
Which suspect(s) should remain in
custody?
Name another test that could be used to
convict the suspect that is more accurate?
Crime Scene Investigation
Apply Your
Knowledge…..
Use your understanding about
blood typing to explain what is
occurring in the figure to the
left.
Begin by identifying all the
labeled structures…..
Why is this baby in danger?