Transcript Kingdoms Of Life: Monerans

Kingdoms Of Life: Monerans
By: C Abry, Tudor Foote, and Billy Stone
Introduction
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Welcome to the wonderful world of Monerans
 Monerans are Bacteria
 They make up more matter than all other living
things on earth combined
Structure
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Monerans have a flagellum, a cytoplasm membrane, cell wall,
capsule, cytoplasm, genetic material, and a ribosome.
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The blue green bacteria cell has all the same traits except for:
sheath, starch granule, and photosynthetic membrane. This
membrane allows it to gain energy through photosynthesis.
However they don’t have Flagellum.
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Monerans can come in single cells or grouped in colonies.
Colonies are a group of cells that are attached. Colonies are
different from multi-cellular organisms, because every cell in
the colony live on there own, not depending on each other
Shapes of Bacterial Cells
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The Cocci come in circular shapes that are
often in chains or blobs. The average size is
.5 to one micrometer.
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The Bacilli are shaped like rods and often
come in strings. Their normal size is
approximately .5 to 20 micrometers in length.
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The Spirochete comes in a spiral shape and
also often are found in a chain. The average
length is about 1 to 500 micrometers.
Feeding
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Monerans that require oxygen for respiration
are called obligate aerobes.
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Monerans that don’t require oxygen for
respiration are called obligate anaerobes
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Facultative anaerobes can produce ATP with or
without oxygen.
Reproduction
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Binary Fission (Most reproduction done in this method)
– DNA replicates
– Membrane forms between them
– Cell wall pinches into two cells
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Conjugation (Somewhat like sexual reproduction)
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DNA replicates
Chromosome opens
Tube forms between it and another cell
The open chromosomes goes to other cell
Tube splits
In the new cell, chromosomes exchange pieces.
New cell divides into two new cells
Reproduction continued
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Spores
– Used by Bacteria to survive when conditions
for growth are not present
– First step is the DNA replicates
– One set put in resistant but inactive cell
– Once conditions improve becomes a active cell
Major Phyla & Species
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Monerans are Bacteria
More Bacteria matter in the world than all other
living organisms combined
Aerobic/Anaerobic
Most known are the disease causing ones, but very
few of them are actually harmful
Types of structures as explained before
Summary

Monerans are Bacteria
 Single celled prokaryotes
 Feed many ways
 Binary Fission
 Monerans have a one in five chance of
being the coolest Kingdom
THE END
ANY QUESTIONS?
Additional feeding notes:
Additional structure notes:
Heterotrophic monerans can be
saprobes (cause decay) parasites
(feed off a host). Autotrophic
monerans carry out photosynthesis
or chemosynthesis (obtain energy
from inorganic compounds.
A reminder that all monerans are
prokaryotic and very small. The
diameter or length of bacteria cells
are < 5 mm