Transcript Monerans - The Fenn School

Monerans
By Hugh Doyle & Geoff HewerCandee

Introduction






Moneran is the kingdom deals with
bacteria
This kingdom is divided into
BACTERIA and blue-green bacteria
called CYANOBACTERIA
Moneran cells follow the same basic
life process as animal cells
Unlike human cells, monerans do
not have membrane bound
organelles
Though they are found in clumps,
chains, or pairs, they survive on
their own, and do not work together
They are among the oldest living
organisms, and are the most
common organisms on earth
One pinch of soil can house over a
billion bacteria
Major Phyla & Species

Monerans are divided into two subkingdoms
– Archaebacteria
– Eubacteria

The two major groups are blue-green bacteria (cyanobacteria) and other bacteria
The
three phylum under
archaebacteria are:
–Methanogens
Produce methane

Help break down food in the intestines
of animals

Parasitic-like – “Symbiotic
relationship” (work together)

–Halophiles
Live only in bodies of concentrated salt
water

–Thermoacidophiles
Found in hot, acidic waters

Can handle temperatures of 80 degrees
Celsius!

•The three phylum under Eubacteria
are:
-Heterotrophs
•Finds food in other sorces
-Autotrophs
•Creates own food
-Chemotrophs
•Breaks down inorganic,
chemosynthic substances such as
sulfur or nitrogen compounds
Structure












Unicellular
Has no nucleus or organelles
Contains hereditary material in the cytoplasm
– One chromosome of DNA and polyamines
Prokaryotic
Have starch granules that store food
Has a cell wall
Have sheaths that allow them to stick together
Bacteria often has flagella which allows them to
move
The jobs of organelles are done by molecules
inside the cell
Many have capsules
Pili, or fimbriae, allows bacteria to lach onto
things
Three shapes:
–
–
–
Rod shaped (Bacillus)
Sphere (Coccus)
Spiral shaped (Spirochete)
Reproduction


Practices asexual
reproduction - binary
fission*
Newly created cells stay
together, held by their
sheaths.
*Fission is when the cell duplicates its hereditary material and then divides into two
new cells, each with a copy of the hereditary material
Feeding/Obtaining Energy


They serve as a food source for other animals.
Take nitrogen gas from the air and change it into
ammonia.
– The creation of nitrates limits the plant growth in the
area.



Blue-green bacteria produce oxygen as a byproduct of
their photosynthesis.
Other Bacteria practice respiration.
Bacteria can be heterotrophic, autotrophic, or
chemotrophic
Images
Hot springs at Yosemite National Park
B
A
C
T
E
R
I
A
…the end.
Additional reproduction notes:
Bacteria share genetic information
in the process of conjugation. One
bacterium injects DNA into another
before the cell divides into two,
This slide show provides good information