Transcript Structure of Bacteria

Warm Up
•What is a
cladogram?
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Bacteria
Structure and Function
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Eubacteria Vs.
Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria
– Larger kingdom
– Live almost everywhere
– Cell wall/membrane
• Archaebacteria
– May be ancestors of eukaryotes
– Live in harsh conditions
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Bacteria are
Prokaryotes
• Identified by
– Shapes
– Chemical nature of cell wall
– Movement
– How obtain energy
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Shapes
• Bacillus: Rod
shaped
• Coccus: Spherical
(round)
• Spirilla: Spiral
shape
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Bacterial Cell
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Flagella
• May have one
or more than
one
• Used for
movement
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Staphylococcus
Bacterial
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JM8Uw
zWnwJE&safety_mode=true&persist_saf
ety_mode=1
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How they get energy….
Photo-heterotrophs
- use sun & organic molecules
(molecules with CARBON)
Photo-autotrophs
- use sun only
Chemo-heterotrophs
- take in organic molecules for
energy AND Carbon
Chemo-autotrophs
- take in organic molecules from
CO2 using energy from chemical
reaction
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Bacterial SEX
Conjugation –
- tranfer DNA from
one bacteria to another
Binnary Fission –
- Splits in half
Spore formation –
-form spores that last
a long time; difficult to
destroy
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Pili in Conjugation
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Binary Fission E. coli
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SOME USES OF BACTERIA
• Nitrogen Fixation
–Helps plants digest
molecules
• Oil Spills
–Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
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CONTROLLING BACTERIA…
• HEAT
• DISENFECTANTS
• FOOD PROCESSES
–pasteurization
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Warm Up
•Bacteria that are
rod shapped are
also
called_________
____
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VIRUSES
• NOT considered
alive
• Made of…
– DNA or RNA
core
– Protein coat
(capsid)
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SHAPES
• Many
shapes……
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Bacteriophage….
• Bacteriophage….what the
heck???????
• Virus that infects bacteria.
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How you get the flu!
–
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rpj0emE
GShQ&feature=related
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VIRAL INFECTIONS
• LYTIC CYCLE
– Enters cell
– Makes copies
– Causes cell to burst
• LYSOGENIC CYCLE
– Enters cell
– Goes dormant (chills out for a while
– could be months or years)
– Goes into Lytic Cycle when
awakes…….
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Warm UP
• Which virus attacks
only bacterial cells?
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