Transcript JEOPARDY - Life Sciences Outreach at Harvard University

JEOPARDY
Structure Nutrition Diversity Disease- Bacterial
Genetics
related
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Answer
A dense region within the bacterial cell where
the chromosome is found
Question
What is the nucleoid region?
Answer
In the true bacteria this is an essential
component of the cell wall
Question
What is peptidoglycan?
Answer
An antibiotic that interferes with the
crosslinking of the bacterial cell wall
Question
What is penicillin?
Answer
A gelatinous substance that provides cells
with additional protection from host
immune responses
Question
What is the capsule?
Answer
These are resistant cells that are formed by
some bacteria and are capable of surviving
harsh adverse condition.
Question
What are Endospores?
Answer
• Bacteria that break down organic material
and have a role in digesting sewage and oil
Question
What are decomposers?
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Answer
A class of mutants that requires the presence
of specific organic nutrients for their growth
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Question
What are auxotrophs?
Answer
A term used to describe materials that are
inert to decomposition by microorganisms
Question
What is non-biodegradable?
Answer
The process that takes nitrogen gas (N2) and
assimilates it into organic material
Question
• What is nitrogen fixation?
Answer
These are organisms that will use oxygen
but can use fermentation in its absence
Question
What are facultative anaerobes?
Answer
Domain that contains all of the
“extremophiles”
Question
What are the Archaea?
Answer
Molecule used as the gold standard for the
identification and classification of all living
organisms
Question
What is SSU*-rRNA?
ssu-rRNA - small subunit ribosomal RNA. In prokaryotes this is the 16s RNA
Answer
Free living symbionts that are found in the
roots of leguminous plants
Question
What is Rhizobium?
Answer
Intracellular parasites that is the most
common cause of blindness in the world
and also causes nongonococcal urethritis,
the most common sexually transmitted
disease (STD) in the United States
Question
What is Chlamydia?
Answer
A group of prokaryotes that might have
undergone endo-symbiotic events
leading to the chloroplasts
Question
What are the cyanobacteria?
Answer
A soluble protein excreted by a
microorganism that can cause damage
to the host by destroying cells or
disrupting normal cellular metabolism
Question
• What is an exotoxin?
Answer
Four criteria which are used to connect
a pathogen with a specific disease
Question
• What are Koch’s postulates?
Answer
A disease that is only caused by a
certain bacteria when it is carrying a
bacteriophage
Question
What is Diptheria?
Answer
The organism that causes anthrax
Question
What is Bacillus anthracis?
Answer
Organisms usually associated with
individuals which become pathogens
when the host’s immune system fails
Question
What are opportunists?
Answer
Term that refers to the uptake of naked DNA
Question
What is transformation?
Answer
The mechanism by which foreign DNA
integrates into or exchanges parts with a
host chromosome
Question
What is homologous recombination?
Answer
A viral infection that results in the
production of a prophage
Question
What is a lysogen?
Answer
The transfer of genetic material
between bacteria through direct cell-tocell contact
Question
What is conjugation?
Answer
Term used to describe a plasmid or
phage that integrates into the host
chromosome
Question
What is an Episome?