Transcript World History Chapter One

World History
Chapter One
I. The First People
Reading Exercise
•
•
•
•
•
Tools and technology
Clothing and Shelter
Stone Age societies
Language, Art, and Religion
Work in pairs to list all the facts they can
find in the text and place them under the
appropriate headings
Main Idea
• Scientific evidence suggests that
modern humans spread from Africa to
other lands and gradually developed
ways to adopt tot their environment.
• Lucy
Objectives
• What methods are used to study the
distant past?
• What does evidence suggest about
human origins?
• How did early people spread around the
world?
• How did early people adapt to life in the
Stone age?
A) Studying the Distant
Past
• Prehistory
• Anthropology – fossils and cultures
• Culture – society’s knowledge, art,
beliefs, customs, and values
• Artifacts – are objects that people in the
past made or used, such as coins,
pottery, and tools.
B) Human Origins
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Anthropologists: study the skeletal remains of human beings
Mary and Louis Leakey
1959 discovered a skull named the Nutcracker Man –
Australopithecine (1.75mil)
Hominid – early humanlike beings that walked upright
1974, Donald Johanson finds “Lucy” (3mil)
1959, Leakey find Homo Habilis – (2.4) teeth and hands – used
tools
Modern Humans called Homo Sapiens – Wise man – brain and
speech organs
Archaeologists: excavate ancient settlements and study
artifacts
C) Spreading Around the
World
• Ice Age 1.6 mil helped spread humans –
water level
• Homo Sapiens out of Africa 100,000 years
ago
• 11,000 years ago reached North America
• Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons – humans?
Great Civilization theory
• Atlantis?
• Pyramids?
• Dragons? Quetzalcoatl(Aztecs)
feathered snake?
• Where are their artifacts and cities?
• How did people get to North America?
The Stone Age
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Paleolithic – Old Stone Age – 2.5-10,000 year ago
Nomads – people who moved from place to place following migrating
animals
Hunter-gatherers –
Men hunted – women gathered
Attached wood to stone – spear
Then string, boats, needles, shelters
Societies formed, culture, language, and religion
Cave paintings – teach, tell, record, religion
Animism – belief in nature spirits
Neanderthals and Cro-Magnon buried their dead with food and objects
Review
• How do scientists learn about
prehistory?
• How did the ice age influence early
human migration?
• How did Stone Age people use
technology to adapt and survive?