Transcript Blood, Blood, and more Blood

Unit 7
Considered a
tissue because of
all the different
cells
Has 3 main
functions:
Transport
Regulation
Protection
Oxygen/Carbon
Dioxide to and
fro cells
Nutrients to cells
Waste from cells
Hormones from
glands to cells
Heat
What
does it
transport?
pH
Temperature
Salt Balance
Water Content
What does
is regulate?
Clotting (loss of
blood)
Combatting
toxins
What does it
protect?
Made in bone
marrow
7% of your body
weight
Lives approx. 120
days
Has 4 components
Clear/yellow
liquid
RBC
WBC
Platelets
Blood Stats
Bone Marrow-Overall View
Plasma: Clear to
yellow liquid, acts as
the “vehicle” the cells
travel in
RBC (96%): Biconcave
Disc, transports O2
WBC (3%): Large, blue
to purple cells, fight
disease/”intruders”
Platelets (1%) Tiny
cells fragments, aid in
clotting
Blood
Components
RBC
WBC
Platelets
BLOOD TYPES
Blood Type
1901 - Austrian Karl
Landsteiner discovered human
blood groups. Before this time,
blood transfusions were
performed, but doctors did not
understand why patients would
die.
Blood Typing Genetics Review
• Blood Type is Controlled by 3 Alleles: A, B, O
A and B are Co-Dominant (meaning??)
O is recessive
Blood Typing Basics
• Antigen: Protein on the surface
of the red blood cell, gives blood
type identity.
• There are 3 total: A, B, Rh
A is present = A
B is present=B
Both A and B present = AB
None Present= O
Rh= + or -
Antigen Combinations
Blood Typing Basics
• Antibodies: Proteins found free-floating in the
bloodstream, will attack antigens on the RBC
• There are 3 antibodies:
Anti-A
Anti-B
Anti-Rh
Blood Testing and Transfusions
- AGGLUTINATION (the clumping of red blood cells
following a transfusion reaction; likely fatal
- Antigens and Antibodies Combine Causing a
Clot/Clump
Facts About Blood Need
Every two seconds someone in the U.S. needs blood.
More than 41,000 blood donations are needed every day.
A total of 30 million blood components are transfused each
year in the U.S.
The average red blood cell transfusion is approximately 3
pints.
The blood type most often requested by hospitals is Type O.
The blood used in an emergency is already on the shelves
before the event occurs.
Sickle cell disease affects more than 70,000 people in the
U.S. About 1,000 babies are born with the disease each year.
Sickle cell patients can require frequent blood transfusions
throughout their lives.
More than 1.6 million people were diagnosed with cancer
last year. Many of them will need blood, sometimes daily,
during their chemotherapy treatment.
A single car accident victim can require as many as 100 pints
of blood.
Facts About Blood Supply
The number of blood donations collected in the U.S. in a
year: 15.7 million
The number of blood donors in the U.S. in a year: 9.2
million
Although an estimated 38% of the U.S. population is
eligible to donate, less than 10% actually do each year.
Blood cannot be manufactured – it can only come from
generous donors.
Type O-negative blood (red cells) can be transfused to
patients of all blood types. It is always in great demand
and often in short supply.
Type AB-positive plasma can be transfused to patients of
all other blood types. AB plasma is also usually in short
supply.